THE PROCESS OF ACCENTUATION: ACCENT

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Nucleus Placement Theories: Traditional Model and Focal Model - Broad and Narrow Focus - New and Given Information

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Juanpi Bazán

Argentina

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Froggy Jumps THE PROCESS OF ACCENTUATION: ACCENTVersión en línea Nucleus Placement Theories: Traditional Model and Focal Model - Broad and Narrow Focus - New and Given Information por Juanpi Bazán 1 According to the Traditional Model, which category of words generally receives basic stress patterns in English? a Modal verbs b Content words c Function words 2 What does Halliday´s ¨Last Lexical Item rule¨ (LLI) state regarding neutral tonicity? a The nuclear accent falls on the last lexical item b The nuclear accent falls on the most emphatic syllable c The nuclear accent falls on the last function word 3 Which scenario triggers ¨marked tonacity¨ by shifting the nucleus to a non-final element? a When all the items express brand new information b When the final element repesents given information c When the utterance contains no function words 4 Under what condition does marked tonicity occur when a final element is present in an utterance? a When the speaker follows the Last Lexical Item (LLI) rule b When the final element contains given/old information or is used in contrast c When the final element is a content word used for broad focus 5 How does the Focal Model define utterances in ¨narrow focus¨? a The entire sentence is presented as brand new information b The nucleus is restricted exclusively to function words c Only a portion of what is said is brought into focus 6 What key characteristic of focus is illustrated when speakers update accent placement as a conversation develops? a Focus is purely syntactic b Focus is fixed by word class c Focus is dynamic in nature 7 According to Halliday, how is ¨given information¨ defined in discourse? a Information the speaker treats as known or assumed b Information appearing exclusively at the end of the clause c Information highlighted with a pitch movement 8 What distinguishes ¨linguistically given¨ information from ¨situational given¨ information? a Linguistically given receives pitch accent; situationally given is silent b Linguitically given is present in speech; situationaly given derives from context c Linguistically given uses narrow focus; situationally given uses broad focus

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THE PROCESS OF ACCENTUATION: ACCENTVersión en línea

Nucleus Placement Theories: Traditional Model and Focal Model - Broad and Narrow Focus - New and Given Information

por Juanpi Bazán

According to the Traditional Model, which category of words generally receives basic stress patterns in English?

Modal verbs

Content words

Function words

What does Halliday´s ¨Last Lexical Item rule¨ (LLI) state regarding neutral tonicity?

The nuclear accent falls on the last lexical item

The nuclear accent falls on the most emphatic syllable

The nuclear accent falls on the last function word

Which scenario triggers ¨marked tonacity¨ by shifting the nucleus to a non-final element?

When all the items express brand new information

When the final element repesents given information

When the utterance contains no function words

Under what condition does marked tonicity occur when a final element is present in an utterance?

When the speaker follows the Last Lexical Item (LLI) rule

When the final element contains given/old information or is used in contrast

When the final element is a content word used for broad focus

How does the Focal Model define utterances in ¨narrow focus¨?

The entire sentence is presented as brand new information

The nucleus is restricted exclusively to function words

Only a portion of what is said is brought into focus

What key characteristic of focus is illustrated when speakers update accent placement as a conversation develops?

Focus is purely syntactic

Focus is fixed by word class

Focus is dynamic in nature

According to Halliday, how is ¨given information¨ defined in discourse?

Information the speaker treats as known or assumed

Information appearing exclusively at the end of the clause

Information highlighted with a pitch movement

What distinguishes ¨linguistically given¨ information from ¨situational given¨ information?

Linguistically given receives pitch accent; situationally given is silent

Linguitically given is present in speech; situationaly given derives from context

Linguistically given uses narrow focus; situationally given uses broad focus

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THE PROCESS OF ACCENTUATION: ACCENT

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THE PROCESS OF ACCENTUATION: ACCENTVersión en línea

por Juanpi Bazán

According to the Traditional Model, which category of words generally receives basic stress patterns in English?

What does Halliday´s ¨Last Lexical Item rule¨ (LLI) state regarding neutral tonicity?

Which scenario triggers ¨marked tonacity¨ by shifting the nucleus to a non-final element?

Under what condition does marked tonicity occur when a final element is present in an utterance?

How does the Focal Model define utterances in ¨narrow focus¨?

What key characteristic of focus is illustrated when speakers update accent placement as a conversation develops?

According to Halliday, how is ¨given information¨ defined in discourse?

What distinguishes ¨linguistically given¨ information from ¨situational given¨ information?

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