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Science 10 Term 1 Exam Review (50 Questions)Versión en línea
MCQ quiz on natural selection and chemistry
1
The step that best completes the causal chain: Existing variation → heredity → environmental pressure → ______ → change in trait frequency across generations
2
Which observation provides the most definitive empirical evidence that a chemical reaction has taken place?
3
A laboratory process follows A + B → AB. What structural feature classifies it as a combination reaction?
4
Environmental scientists observe damage from acidic precipitation. Which general reaction pattern models this degradation best?
5
In a symbolic roadmap, what does the arrow (→) functionally signify?
6
Why are Mg and HCl written on the left side in Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g)?
7
Which skeleton equation is technically correct for the reaction pure hydrogen with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride?
8
A student writes Fe(s) + O2(g) → Fe2O3(s). Which evaluation is most accurate?
9
According to the Law of Conservation of Mass, what must happen to the total macroscopic mass in a sealed system during a vigorous chemical change?
10
What is the technical name for the integer multiplier placed in front of a chemical formula when balancing equations?
11
Why perform a gas-evolving reaction inside a closed system rather than an open beaker?
12
From a molecular standpoint, why does a balanced chemical equation support the law of conservation of mass?
13
To satisfy mass conservation, balance __Al + __O2 → __Al2O3?
14
Which substance functions to increase the reaction rate by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy?
15
Why does lowering ambient temperature delay food spoilage in refrigeration?
16
In a calorimeter, if a solution is absorbing energy from its surroundings, which statement applies?
17
Which metabolic process is exothermic?
18
If a reaction releases a substantial amount of thermal energy, what happens to the surroundings?
19
Classify the reaction: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 + heat
20
Three trials of the same reaction produced: 25°C → 31°C; 25°C → 30°C; 25°C → 24°C. Which analysis is most scientifically sound?
21
Which procedural plan provides the most rigorous evidence to determine whether a dissolution process is endothermic or exothermic?
22
In living organisms, what is the biological term for dynamic internal stability despite external fluctuations?
23
Which set of physiological parameters contains three valid indicators of homeostasis?
24
Which type of feedback amplifies and reinforces an initial physiological change?
25
Why does homeostasis not mean internal conditions are fixed at a single value?
26
Why does a negative feedback loop play a protective role in maintaining homeostasis?
27
After a carbohydrate-rich meal, which corrective action demonstrates negative feedback?
28
If body temperature rises during exercise, which response helps restore balance?
29
Which analysis is correct for a rise in body temperature?
30
The process of blood clotting is best described as which evaluation?
31
Which sequential model should a group use to model the negative feedback loop for blood pressure?
32
Which historical scientist is famously associated with adaptive variation among Galápagos finches?
33
What biological term describes differences in physical traits among individuals of the same species?
34
Organisms pass heritable instructions to their progeny. What term describes this transmission?
35
Which statement correctly explains the mechanism of natural selection within a population?
36
Why is adaptation considered a population-level outcome rather than a change by a single organism?
37
Geographic isolation can influence long-term evolutionary change by:
38
What is the most likely result over generations when a drought favors larger beaks?
39
If predators favor darker coloration on a dark background, natural selection predicts future generations will:
40
Which phenotypic change directly contributes to long-term evolutionary change via natural selection?
41
In a survival simulation, the dark trait becomes more common on a dark background. This interpretation supports:
42
Two rodent populations separated by a river show different color traits due to separate environments. Which explanation fits this pattern?
43
In a drought with birds, which step best completes the causal chain: Existing variation → heredity → environmental pressure → ______ → change in trait frequency across generations?
44
After a drought, which evaluation best supports natural selection as the mechanism?
45
Which data-gathering procedure ensures reliable data in a camouflage efficiency model?
46
When evaluating a claim about fitness being permanent, which scientific judgment is correct?
47
Which experimental plan is most rigorous for showing natural selection in action?
48
Which term best describes the organism-level mechanism of trait inheritance?
49
Which statement best explains natural selection as a population-level outcome?
50
In a population under geographic isolation, what role does gene flow play?
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