Unit 1: Intro to Computer Science

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Unit 1: Intro to Computer Science


AsterQuiz Unit 1: Intro to Computer ScienceVersión en línea CS basics por David Dawson 1 How does the presentation define computer science? a The science of programming languages b The study of the principles and use of computers c The engineering of electronic hardware 2 What is an algorithm? a A random sequence of instructions b A type of computer c A step-by-step procedure to solve a problem 3 What is the difference between hardware and software? a Hardware is physical components; software is programs and data b Hardware stores data; software processes it c Hardware is faster than software 4 What is the purpose of an operating system? a Manage hardware resources and provide services b Render web pages c Compile code into executables 5 What is a computing agent? a A type of hardware device b A piece of software that can perform tasks c A human assistant 6 How is application software different from system software? a System software is only for servers b They are the same c Application software runs user programs; system software manages hardware 7 What is a user interface? a A type of network b The space where users interact with a computer c The main processor 8 What is a peripheral device? Give one possible example. a A device connected to a computer that is not part of its core components; e.g., printers b The central processing unit c A built-in monitor 9 What is a computer network? a A single standalone computer b A type of software c Two or more computers connected to share resources 10 How is the Internet related to computer networks? a The Internet is a programming language b The Internet is a hardware component c The Internet is a global network of networks 11 What is the purpose of a web browser? a Edit photos b Compile code c Retrieve and render web pages 12 Explain the difference between uploading and downloading a file. a Uploading sends a file from a client to a server; downloading retrieves from server to client b Downloading uploads to the cloud c Uploading copies a file within the same device 13 What does a sequential operation do in an algorithm? a Reverses the order of steps b Executes steps in a fixed order c Chooses steps randomly 14 How does a conditional operation determine what happens next? a Pops from a stack b Based on a condition being true or false c Always executes the next step 15 What makes an operation a primitive operation? a A speculative operation b An operation not decomposed into simpler steps c The most complex operation 16 What is an iterative operation, and why might it be useful in an algorithm? a Creates new data b Stores data permanently c Repeats steps until a condition; useful for repeating tasks 17 What does RAM stand for, and when is it used? a Read Access Memory; used for read-only data b Random Access Memory; used for active data and programs c Rapid Application Model; used for development 18 What does ROM stand for, and what type of information does it store? a Random Optical Memory; stores temporary data b Read-Only Memory; stores firmware and boot instructions c Readable Online Memory; stores user files 19 Explain one major difference between RAM and ROM. a RAM stores firmware; ROM stores active programs b RAM is volatile and writable; ROM is non-volatile and typically read-only c RAM is slower than ROM 20 How did the Mark I process and store data? a Using modern transistors b With cloud storage c Through mechanical relays and punched tape 21 What was significant about ENIAC according to the presentation? a It used quantum bits b It was one of the first general-purpose electronic computers c It had GUI 22 Describe two characteristics of first-generation computers. a Integrated circuits; portable b Wireless networking; multi-core CPUs c Vacuum tubes; bulky; punched card I/O 23 What technologies replaced vacuum tubes during the second generation of computing? a Transistors b Vacuum tubes remained c Optical processors 24 What three major developments occurred during the third generation of computing? a Quantum processors, AI, cloud computing b Vacuum tubes, magnetic tapes, punch cards c Integrated circuits, keyboards, monitors 25 Identify and explain three features associated with the fifth generation of computing. a Steam engines, mechanical gears, punch cards b Serial processing, CRT displays, floppy disks c AI, parallel processing, natural language interfaces

Unit 1: Intro to Computer Science

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Unit 1: Intro to Computer ScienceVersión en línea

por David Dawson

How does the presentation define computer science?

What is an algorithm?

What is the difference between hardware and software?

What is the purpose of an operating system?

What is a computing agent?

How is application software different from system software?

What is a user interface?

What is a peripheral device? Give one possible example.

What is a computer network?

How is the Internet related to computer networks?

What is the purpose of a web browser?

Explain the difference between uploading and downloading a file.

What does a sequential operation do in an algorithm?

How does a conditional operation determine what happens next?

What makes an operation a primitive operation?

What is an iterative operation, and why might it be useful in an algorithm?

What does RAM stand for, and when is it used?

What does ROM stand for, and what type of information does it store?

Explain one major difference between RAM and ROM.

How did the Mark I process and store data?

What was significant about ENIAC according to the presentation?

Describe two characteristics of first-generation computers.

What technologies replaced vacuum tubes during the second generation of computing?

What three major developments occurred during the third generation of computing?

Identify and explain three features associated with the fifth generation of computing.