Renal Transport Mechanisms Quiz

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Renal transport mechanisms quiz

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Dr. Sarah Hayat

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Renal Transport Mechanisms Quiz


Froggy Jumps Renal Transport Mechanisms QuizVersión en línea Renal transport mechanisms quiz por Dr. Sarah Hayat 1 Q1. [Secondary Active Transport] Which of the following best describes secondary active transport in the renal tubule? a A. Direct hydrolysis of ATP drives the transport of glucose into the tubular cell b B. The Na+/K+ ATPase on the luminal membrane pumps Na+ into the cell c C. Energy is derived from the Na+ electrochemical gradient to co-transport glucose against its conce 2 a 5mmHg b 10mmHg c -15mmHg 3 Q3. [Proximal Tubule] A patient is given a drug that selectively blocks the SGLT2 transporter in the proximal tubule. Which of the following would be the expected result? a D. Hyponatraemia due to Na+ loss in urine b B. Glucosuria despite normal plasma glucose levels c A. Decreased urinary glucose excretion 4 Q4. [Loop Diuretics] Loop diuretics such as furosemide exert their effect by inhibiting which transporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle? a B. Na+-K+-2Cl- co-transporter (NKCC2) b D. Na+-glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) c A. Na+-Cl- co-transporter (NCC) 5 Q5. [Loop of Henle] Which of the following is a direct consequence of the thick ascending limb being virtually impermeable to water? a A. Tubular fluid becomes hyperosmotic as it ascends b D. Chloride reabsorption is abolished in this segment c B. Tubular fluid becomes progressively dilute despite solute reabsorption 6 Q6. [Principal Cells] Which of the following correctly describes the function of principal cells in the late distal tubule and cortical collecting duct? a B. They reabsorb Na+ via luminal channels and secrete K+ into the lumen b C. They are responsible for maximal urea reabsorption c A. They secrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate 7 Q7. [Intercalated Cells] In metabolic acidosis, which intercalated cell type becomes predominant, and what is its action? a D. Type B cells decrease, increasing bicarbonate reabsorption b B. Type A cells increase, secreting H+ into the lumen via H+-ATPase and reabsorbing HCO3- c A. Type B cells increase, secreting bicarbonate into the lumen 8 Q8. [Intercalated Cells] Type B intercalated cells in the collecting tubule use a transporter called 'pendrin' on the apical membrane. What is its function? a D. Exchanges H+ for K+ on the luminal membrane b B. Exchanges Cl- for HCO3-, secreting bicarbonate into the lumen c A. Co-transports Na+ and Cl- into the cell 9 Q9. [Aldosterone] Aldosterone promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion primarily by acting on which cells, and through which mechanism? a D. Macula densa cells — increases renin secretion b A. Proximal tubule cells — increases SGLT2 expression c B. Principal cells of the collecting duct — upregulates ENaC and Na+-K+ ATPase activity 10 a B. Furosemide b A. Spironolactone c C. Amiloride 11 Q11. [Angiotensin II] Angiotensin II increases tubular Na+ reabsorption by which direct mechanism in the proximal tubule? a B. Activating Na+-H+ exchanger (NHE3) on the luminal membrane and increasing Na+-K+-ATPase activity b A. Stimulating AQP-2 insertion into the luminal membrane c D. Increasing urea transporter expression in the medullary collecting duct 12 Q12. [ADH / Aquaporins] Antidiuretic hormone (ADH/vasopressin) increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct primarily by: a B. Binding V2 receptors → cAMP → PKA → insertion of AQP-2 water channels into the luminal membrane b A. activating Na+-K+ ATPase to drive osmotic water movement c C. Directly opening aquaporin-3 and -4 channels on the basolateral membrane 13 Q13. [ADH / Aquaporins] In the absence of ADH, which of the following best describes the state of the collecting duct? a A. Highly permeable to water — dilute urine cannot be formed b B. Virtually impermeable to water — large volumes of dilute urine are excreted (diabetes insipidus p c D. Actively secretes K+ at an increased rate 14 Q14. [Clearance Calculation] A patient has plasma creatinine = 1.0 mg/dL, urine creatinine = 90 mg/dL, and urine flow rate = 2 mL/min. What is the creatinine clearance? a A. 45 mL/min b C. 180 mL/min c B. 90 mL/min 15 Q15. [Tubular Reabsorption Overview] Which statement about tubular reabsorption is correct? a A. Creatinine is almost completely reabsorbed by the proximal tubule b B. Glucose reabsorption in the proximal tubule is an example of primary active transport c D. Approximately 65% of filtered sodium and water is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule, with the flu

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Renal Transport Mechanisms Quiz

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Renal Transport Mechanisms QuizVersión en línea

por Dr. Sarah Hayat

Q1. [Secondary Active Transport] Which of the following best describes secondary active transport in the renal tubule?

Q3. [Proximal Tubule] A patient is given a drug that selectively blocks the SGLT2 transporter in the proximal tubule. Which of the following would be the expected result?

Q4. [Loop Diuretics] Loop diuretics such as furosemide exert their effect by inhibiting which transporter in the thick ascending loop of Henle?

Q5. [Loop of Henle] Which of the following is a direct consequence of the thick ascending limb being virtually impermeable to water?

Q6. [Principal Cells] Which of the following correctly describes the function of principal cells in the late distal tubule and cortical collecting duct?

Q7. [Intercalated Cells] In metabolic acidosis, which intercalated cell type becomes predominant, and what is its action?

Q8. [Intercalated Cells] Type B intercalated cells in the collecting tubule use a transporter called 'pendrin' on the apical membrane. What is its function?

Q9. [Aldosterone] Aldosterone promotes sodium retention and potassium excretion primarily by acting on which cells, and through which mechanism?

Q11. [Angiotensin II] Angiotensin II increases tubular Na+ reabsorption by which direct mechanism in the proximal tubule?

Q12. [ADH / Aquaporins] Antidiuretic hormone (ADH/vasopressin) increases water reabsorption in the collecting duct primarily by:

Q13. [ADH / Aquaporins] In the absence of ADH, which of the following best describes the state of the collecting duct?

Q14. [Clearance Calculation] A patient has plasma creatinine = 1.0 mg/dL, urine creatinine = 90 mg/dL, and urine flow rate = 2 mL/min. What is the creatinine clearance?

Q15. [Tubular Reabsorption Overview] Which statement about tubular reabsorption is correct?