Visceral Leishmaniasis & Trypanosomiasis Master Quiz

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Test your knowledge on visceral leishmaniasis, sleeping sickness, and Chagas.

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Quader Ahmed Jalili

India

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Visceral Leishmaniasis & Trypanosomiasis Master Quiz


Froggy Jumps Visceral Leishmaniasis & Trypanosomiasis Master QuizVersión en línea Test your knowledge on visceral leishmaniasis, sleeping sickness, and Chagas. por Quader Ahmed Jalili 1 Which organism causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL)? a Trypanosoma cruzi b Plasmodium falciparum c Leishmania donovani 2 What is the common name for VL? a Sleeping sickness b Chagas’ disease c Kala-azar 3 Which vector transmits Leishmania donovani? a Tsetse fly b Female sandfly (Phlebotomus) c Anopheles mosquito 4 Main organ targets of VL are in the a Central nervous system b Reticuloendothelial system c Respiratory tract 5 Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) commonly occurs after a Sleeping sickness b Chagas’ disease c VL treatment 6 Which feature is part of VL pentad? a Fever with hepatosplenomegaly b Hyperglycemia c Hemoptysis 7 Which test detects Leishmania in VL? a Giemsa-stained smear showing LD bodies b Blood glucose test c Chest X-ray 8 What is the drug of choice for VL in many regions? a Chloroquine b Liposomal amphotericin B c Quinine 9 Old World Leishmania is transmitted by which vector? a Phlebotomus sandfly b Lutzomyia sandfly c Aedes mosquito 10 New World leishmaniasis is mainly transmitted by a Lutzomyia sandfly b Phlebotomus sandfly c Tsetse fly 11 VL diagnosis using Montenegro test assesses a Cell-mediated immunity (DTH) b Humoral response c Neutrophil count 12 Which organ is usually enlarged in VL? a Kidney b Lung c Spleen 13 Which molecule is targeted by rk39 antibody tests for VL? a Tuberculin peptide b Leishmanial antigen c Malaria antigen 14 Chagas’ disease is caused by a Leishmania donovani b Trypanosoma brucei c Trypanosoma cruzi 15 Chagas’ reservoir and vector? a Reduviid (triatomine) bug; humans b Sandfly; dogs c Tsetse fly; humans 16 Cardiac form of Chagas’ disease most commonly causes a Aortic stenosis b Dilated cardiomyopathy c Pulmonary hypertension 17 Chronic Chagas’ disease primarily affects a Liver only b Brain only c Heart and GI tract 18 What is the diagnostic form of Trypanosoma in man? a Trypomastigote b Amastigote c Promastigote 19 African sleeping sickness is transmitted by a Sandfly b Tsetse fly (Glossina) c Anopheles 20 Two forms of sleeping sickness are based on a Age groups b Blood type c Geographical distribution 21 Which disease is associated with Winterbottom’s sign? a African sleeping sickness b Chagas’ disease c VL 22 Stage I sleeping sickness is marked by a Meningoencephalitis b Trypanosomal chancre c Rash 23 Stage II sleeping sickness involves a Liver failure b Renal failure c CNS invasion 24 Which test is used to diagnose African sleeping sickness? a ELISA for antibodies b Urine antigen tests c Peripheral blood smear for trypomastigotes 25 Which drug class treats African sleeping sickness? a Metronidazole b Pentamidine or suramin c Chloroquine 26 PKDL lesions resemble a Leprosy nodules b Psoriasis plaques c Verrucae 27 What is the infective stage of Leishmania in humans? a Epimastigote b Trypomastigote c Promastigote (in sandfly; amastigote in human) 28 Leishmaniasis is chiefly a disease of which system? a Nervous b Respiratory c Reticuloendothelial 29 Which organism causes mucocutaneous leishmaniasis? a Leishmania donovani complex (some forms) b Plasmodium vivax c Toxoplasma gondii 30 Which organ is NOT a primary VL site? a Lungs b Spleen c Liver 31 Which option best describes VL transmission? a Sandfly bite introducing amastigotes b Ingestion of contaminated water c Animal contact 32 Which disease is often zoonotic in most regions outside India? a Chagas’ disease b Leishmaniasis c Sleeping sickness 33 Which medium can culture Leishmania promastigotes? a NNN medium b MacConkey agar c Blood agar 34 Which is a non-specific VL laboratory finding? a Pancytopenia b Hyperglycemia c Hyperkalemia 35 Which test detects VL antigen in urine? a CSF IgM b Carbohydrate antigen latex agglutination c PCR blood test 36 Leishmaniasis is named after which individuals? a Leish and Donavon b Leshman and Donovan c Leishman and Donovan 37 Which organ is commonly tested for amastigotes in VL? a Brain b Muscle c Bone marrow 38 Which species causes VL in India commonly? a L. tropica b L. donovani c L. braziliensis 39 T. cruzi is predominantly found in which region? a South America b Southeast Asia c Sub-Saharan Africa 40 Which diagnostic method is used for T. cruzi in blood? a Ultrasound b Peripheral blood smear for trypomastigotes c Chest X-ray 41 Which form is diagnostic in Trypanosoma brucei infection? a Promastigote b Amastigote c Trypomastigote in blood 42 Which organ change is hallmark of VL? a Renal failure b Cerebral edema c Hepatosplenomegaly 43 Chagas’ disease can be congenital; true or false? a True b False c Only in animals 44 Which region reports a significant HIV co-infection with VL? a Australia b Southern Europe c North America 45 Which drug is not used for VL treatment? a Miltefosine b Paromomycin c Acyclovir 46 Which form of Leishmania is infective to humans? a Promastigote b Amastigote c Epimastigote 47 Which test indicates good CMI in VL? a Montenegro (Leishmanin) test b IgE serology c Western blot 48 Which organism causes African sleeping sickness? a Trypanosoma brucei b T. cruzi c Leishmania 49 Which form is found in insect vectors for Trypanosoma? a Epimastigote b Amastigote c Promastigote 50 Which region has West vs East sleeping sickness forms? a Age b Diet c Geographic distribution 51 Which is a characteristic symptom of Stage II sleeping sickness? a Meningoencephalitis signs b GI bleeding c Renal failure 52 Which symptom is specific to Romana’s sign? a Rash b Unilateral palpebral edema c Fever 53 Which test can confirm T. cruzi infection besides blood smear? a Urine antigen test b Skin biopsy c Molecular methods (PCR) 54 Which is NOT a VL diagnostic method? a Urine glucose test b Direct agglutination test c PCR 55 Which drug class is used for VL in India? a Penicillin b Liposomal amphotericin B c Nitazoxanide 56 Which form is the infective stage to humans in Leishmania? a Epimastigote b Amastigote c Promastigote 57 Which disease is zoonotic in most regions outside India? a Leishmaniasis b Sleeping sickness c Chagas’ disease 58 Which body system is primarily affected by VL? a Endocrine b Hematopoietic system c Musculoskeletal 59 Which organism has a kinetoplast? a Bacteria b Leishmania and Trypanosoma c Plasmodium only 60 Which test detects VL antigen in urine? a ELISA for antibodies b Latex agglutination c Western blot 61 Which is a hallmark lab finding in VL? a Leukocytosis b Pancytopenia c Hyperkalemia 62 Which vector does not transmit VL? a Lutzomyia sandfly b Anopheles mosquito c Phlebotomus sandfly 63 Which disease features hypergammaglobulinemia? a Malaria b VL c Tuberculosis 64 Which organism causes mucocutaneous leishmaniasis? a T. brucei b L. infantum only c Leishmania donovani complex variants 65 Which form of sleeping sickness is West African? a T. b. gambiense b T. cruzi c T. b. rhodesiense 66 Which clinical feature is common to VL and PKDL? a Jaundice b Hypopigmented skin lesions c Hemoptysis 67 Which stage is associated with sleeping sickness daytime somnolence? a Stage III b Stage II c Stage I 68 Which test is used for antibody detection in VL? a Blood culture b Skin test c ELISA or IFA 69 The sandfly species for VL in India is a Lutzomyia longipalpis b Phlebotomus papatasi c Phlebotomus argentipes 70 Which VL drug is a lipid formulation? a Miltefosine b Miltefosine IV c Liposomal amphotericin B 71 Which organism is linked to Chagas’ acute illness? a Romana’s sign b Winterbottom’s sign c Leishmanin test 72 Which form is transformed in human macrophages in VL? a Epimastigote b Amastigote c Promastigote 73 Which diagnostic is used for CNS involvement in sleeping sickness? a Urine dipstick b CSF examination for trypomastigotes c Sputum culture 74 Which organism is associated with Chagas’ disease congenital transmission? a T. cruzi b T. brucei c L. donovani 75 Which is a non-specific lab test for VL? a Napier’s aldehyde test b KOH prep c Gram stain 76 Which system does sleeping sickness primarily affect? a Muscular system b Central nervous system c Digestive system 77 Which parasite stage is found in the insect gut for Leishmania? a Trypomastigote b Promastigote c Amastigote 78 Which parasite is associated with the Montenegro test? a Leishmania donovani b Trypanosoma brucei c T. cruzi 79 Which is true about VL epidemiology? a Only in India b Endemic in 97 countries c Endemic in 10 countries 80 Which form is characteristic of T. brucei in humans? a Trypomastigote b Promastigote c Amastigote 81 What is the main method of VL prevention? a Vaccination b Antibiotics c Insect-proof nets and repellents 82 Which drug is used as a second-line for Chagas’ disease? a Nifurtimox b Chloroquine c Azithromycin 83 Which pathogen causes African sleeping sickness? a T. cruzi b Leishmania donovani c Trypanosoma brucei complex 84 Which test can differentiate VL from other fevers? a Urine glucose b Direct agglutination (DAT) c CSF culture 85 Which region hosts West African sleeping sickness? a Gambia-dominated area b Brazil c Rhodesia 86 Which stage has a kinetoplast near the posterior end? a Promastigote b Amastigote c Trypomastigote

Visceral Leishmaniasis & Trypanosomiasis Master Quiz

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Visceral Leishmaniasis & Trypanosomiasis Master QuizVersión en línea

por Quader Ahmed Jalili

Which organism causes visceral leishmaniasis (VL)?

What is the common name for VL?

Which vector transmits Leishmania donovani?

Main organ targets of VL are in the

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) commonly occurs after

Which feature is part of VL pentad?

Which test detects Leishmania in VL?

What is the drug of choice for VL in many regions?

Old World Leishmania is transmitted by which vector?

New World leishmaniasis is mainly transmitted by

VL diagnosis using Montenegro test assesses

Which organ is usually enlarged in VL?

Which molecule is targeted by rk39 antibody tests for VL?

Chagas’ disease is caused by

Chagas’ reservoir and vector?

Cardiac form of Chagas’ disease most commonly causes

Chronic Chagas’ disease primarily affects

What is the diagnostic form of Trypanosoma in man?

African sleeping sickness is transmitted by

Two forms of sleeping sickness are based on

Which disease is associated with Winterbottom’s sign?

Stage I sleeping sickness is marked by

Stage II sleeping sickness involves

Which test is used to diagnose African sleeping sickness?

Which drug class treats African sleeping sickness?

PKDL lesions resemble

What is the infective stage of Leishmania in humans?

Leishmaniasis is chiefly a disease of which system?

Which organism causes mucocutaneous leishmaniasis?

Which organ is NOT a primary VL site?

Which option best describes VL transmission?

Which disease is often zoonotic in most regions outside India?

Which medium can culture Leishmania promastigotes?

Which is a non-specific VL laboratory finding?

Which test detects VL antigen in urine?

Leishmaniasis is named after which individuals?

Which organ is commonly tested for amastigotes in VL?

Which species causes VL in India commonly?

T. cruzi is predominantly found in which region?

Which diagnostic method is used for T. cruzi in blood?

Which form is diagnostic in Trypanosoma brucei infection?

Which organ change is hallmark of VL?

Chagas’ disease can be congenital; true or false?

Which region reports a significant HIV co-infection with VL?

Which drug is not used for VL treatment?

Which form of Leishmania is infective to humans?

Which test indicates good CMI in VL?

Which organism causes African sleeping sickness?

Which form is found in insect vectors for Trypanosoma?

Which region has West vs East sleeping sickness forms?

Which is a characteristic symptom of Stage II sleeping sickness?

Which symptom is specific to Romana’s sign?

Which test can confirm T. cruzi infection besides blood smear?

Which is NOT a VL diagnostic method?

Which drug class is used for VL in India?

Which form is the infective stage to humans in Leishmania?

Which disease is zoonotic in most regions outside India?

Which body system is primarily affected by VL?

Which organism has a kinetoplast?

Which test detects VL antigen in urine?

Which is a hallmark lab finding in VL?