Chapter 13: Endocrine System

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Chapter 13: Endocrine System


Froggy Jumps Chapter 13: Endocrine SystemVersión en línea Test your endocrine knowledge. por Ginny Bradley 1 1. Stimulates milk production in mammary glands a prolactin b TSH c growth hormone 2 2. Acts on entire body to promote protein synthesis, metabolism, and growth a FSH b growth hormone c LH 3 3. Stimulates contraction of uterus during childbirth a oxytocin b prolactin c vasopressin 4 4. Stimulates ovulation in females a luteinizing hormone b FSH c TSH 5 5. Acts on kidneys to reduce urine volume a prolactin b oxytocin c vasopressin (ADH) 6 6. Stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone a FSH b GH c TSH 7 7. Which statement about the endocrine system is true? a Effects are short-lived b Endocrine glands respond quickly to stimuli c Endocrine glands are ductless glands secreting hormones into blood 8 8. Steroid hormones a activate enzymes outside cell b pass through cell wall and bind to receptors in nucleus c bind to receptor on cell wall triggering second messenger 9 9. What is a second messenger system? a A chemical that prolongs hormone effects b A set of hormones carrying primary hormones to target cells c Cascade of processes influencing cell's response to hormone 10 10. Protein-based hormones exert effects by a binding with nucleus b binding directly with DNA c activating enzymes within a cell (via second messenger) 11 11. Which gland influences more body processes than any other? a pituitary gland b adrenal gland c thyroid gland 12 12. Which statement about the anterior pituitary is correct? a It releases hormones into hypophyseal portal system b It stores hypothalamic hormones c It consists of neural tissue 13 13. One endocrine gland stimulates another to secrete a hormone, which then inhibits first gland. This is a positive feedback b negative feedback c second messenger 14 14. The pineal gland secretes a gonadotropin b oxytocin c melatonin 15 15. Which gland is part of both endocrine and immune systems? a adrenal glands b thymus c thyroid gland 16 16. Which hormone is secreted by thyroid gland? a calcitonin b thyrotropin c parathyroid hormone 17 17. Increasing blood calcium would cause a parathyroid gland to secrete PTH b thyroid gland to release calcitonin c adrenal medulla to secrete catecholamines 18 18. Effect of parathyroid hormone? a Movement of calcium from blood to bone b Excretion of calcium in intestines c Reabsorption of calcium by kidneys 19 19. After thyroid removal, patient has severe spasms. Most likely cause? a suppression of calcitonin only b release of PTH increased calcium c parathyroid glands removed too, so low PTH and calcium decline 20 20. Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone may cause a Grave’s disease b cretinism c goiter 21 21. Calcitonin acts on a bones b intestines c kidneys 22 22. Thyroid hormone affects heat production by a promoting catecholamine secretion b stimulating metabolism c causing shivering 23 23. Which statement about adrenal cortex is correct? a It consists of three layers each secreting a corticosteroid b It acts as part of sympathetic nervous system c It contains chromaffin cells 24 24. Increased output from zona glomerulosa would cause a increased potassium levels b increased sodium levels c increased blood glucose 25 25. During stress, most active adrenal cortex layer is a zona reticularis b zona fasciculata c zona glomerulosa 26 26. Which statement about glucocorticoids is correct? a They destabilize blood pressure b They aid repair of damaged tissue c They boost immune system long-term 27 27. Effect common to glucagon, catecholamines, glucocorticoids? a They are secreted only when glucose falls b They cause blood glucose to fall c They boost blood glucose levels 28 28. Which statement about pancreas is correct? a It secretes digestive enzymes into small intestine b Islets have single cell type c It is primarily endocrine 29 29. Which cells secrete insulin? a delta cells b alpha cells c beta cells 30 30. Between meals, when blood sugar declines a alpha cells secrete glucagon b beta cells secrete insulin c delta cells secrete somatostatin 31 31. Characteristic of type I diabetes? a It results from insulin resistance b It occurs after age 40 c It is autoimmune attacking beta cells 32 32. In what way does microbiome resemble endocrine organ? a It stays constant throughout life b It can act as unit to influence other organs and respond to secretions c It secretes single hormone 33 33. Which action of microbiome affects mood/behavior? a Inhibit cortisol b Affect estrogen, androgens, testosterone levels c Alter insulin levels 34 34. Which statement best describes HPA axis? a It ultimately leads to cortisol secretion to cope with stress b It prompts amygdala directly c It triggers immediate sympathetic nervous stimulation 35 35. The more ___ a cell has, the more sensitive it will be to a hormone. a hormones b receptors c glands 36 36. The anterior pituitary consists of ___ tissue and is called the ___. a neural; neurohypophysis b modified neurons; catecholamines c glandular; adenohypophysis 37 37. The posterior pituitary consists of ___ tissue and is called the ___. a glandular; adenohypophysis b neural; neurohypophysis c glandular; corticosteroids 38 38. The adrenal medulla consists of ___ that secrete ___. a modified neurons; catecholamines b glandular cells; corticosteroids c beta cells; insulin 39 39. The adrenal cortex consists of ___ tissue that secretes different types of ___. a neural; catecholamines b modified neurons; catecholamines c glandular; corticosteroids 40 40. The middle layer of adrenal cortex is ___ and it secretes ___ a zona reticularis; sex steroids b zona glomerulosa; mineralocorticoids c zona fasciculata; glucocorticoids 41 41. The innermost layer of adrenal cortex is ___ and it secretes ___ a zona fasciculata; glucocorticoids b zona glomerulosa; mineralocorticoids c zona reticularis; sex steroids 42 42. The principal mineralocorticoid is a aldosterone b testosterone c cortisol 43 43. The principal glucocorticoid is a aldosterone b estrogen c cortisol 44 44. Vasopressin is another name for a calcitonin b oxytocin c antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 45 45. Pancreatic cells that secrete insulin are a alpha cells b beta cells c delta cells 46 46. A diminished number of insulin receptors results in disorder called a Cushing’s syndrome b diabetes mellitus c Grave’s disease 47 47. Ovarian follicle cells secrete a estrogen b progesterone c testosterone 48 48. The hormone triggering the development of male sexual characteristics is a testosterone b estrogen c FSH

Chapter 13: Endocrine System

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Chapter 13: Endocrine SystemVersión en línea

por Ginny Bradley

1. Stimulates milk production in mammary glands

2. Acts on entire body to promote protein synthesis, metabolism, and growth

3. Stimulates contraction of uterus during childbirth

4. Stimulates ovulation in females

5. Acts on kidneys to reduce urine volume

6. Stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone

7. Which statement about the endocrine system is true?

8. Steroid hormones

9. What is a second messenger system?

10. Protein-based hormones exert effects by

11. Which gland influences more body processes than any other?

12. Which statement about the anterior pituitary is correct?

13. One endocrine gland stimulates another to secrete a hormone, which then inhibits first gland. This is

14. The pineal gland secretes

15. Which gland is part of both endocrine and immune systems?

16. Which hormone is secreted by thyroid gland?

17. Increasing blood calcium would cause

18. Effect of parathyroid hormone?

19. After thyroid removal, patient has severe spasms. Most likely cause?

20. Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone may cause

21. Calcitonin acts on

22. Thyroid hormone affects heat production by

23. Which statement about adrenal cortex is correct?

24. Increased output from zona glomerulosa would cause

25. During stress, most active adrenal cortex layer is

26. Which statement about glucocorticoids is correct?

27. Effect common to glucagon, catecholamines, glucocorticoids?

28. Which statement about pancreas is correct?

29. Which cells secrete insulin?

30. Between meals, when blood sugar declines

31. Characteristic of type I diabetes?

32. In what way does microbiome resemble endocrine organ?

33. Which action of microbiome affects mood/behavior?

34. Which statement best describes HPA axis?

35. The more ___ a cell has, the more sensitive it will be to a hormone.

36. The anterior pituitary consists of ___ tissue and is called the ___.

37. The posterior pituitary consists of ___ tissue and is called the ___.

38. The adrenal medulla consists of ___ that secrete ___.

39. The adrenal cortex consists of ___ tissue that secretes different types of ___.

40. The middle layer of adrenal cortex is ___ and it secretes ___

41. The innermost layer of adrenal cortex is ___ and it secretes ___

42. The principal mineralocorticoid is

43. The principal glucocorticoid is

44. Vasopressin is another name for

45. Pancreatic cells that secrete insulin are

46. A diminished number of insulin receptors results in disorder called

47. Ovarian follicle cells secrete

48. The hormone triggering the development of male sexual characteristics is

36. The anterior pituitary consists of _ tissue and is called the _.

37. The posterior pituitary consists of _ tissue and is called the _.

38. The adrenal medulla consists of _ that secrete _.

39. The adrenal cortex consists of _ tissue that secretes different types of _.

40. The middle layer of adrenal cortex is _ and it secretes _

41. The innermost layer of adrenal cortex is _ and it secretes _