Froggy Jumps: Abdominal Ultrasound Quiz


Froggy Jumps Abdominal Ultrasound QuizVersión en línea Test your knowledge of abdominal ultrasound anatomy with these questions! por Elaine Nichols 1 Which organ is commonly visualized in the right upper quadrant on an abdominal ultrasound? a Pancreas b Spleen c Liver 2 What is the normal size of the gallbladder on ultrasound? a More than 15 cm in length b Less than 10 cm in length c Exactly 12 cm in length 3 Which vessel is often used as a landmark for identifying the pancreas on ultrasound? a Portal vein b Inferior vena cava c Aorta 4 What is the normal appearance of the spleen on ultrasound? a Calcifications b Multiple cysts c Homogeneous echotexture 5 Which structure is located posterior to the body of the pancreas? a Aorta b Spleen c Gallbladder 6 What is the normal thickness of the gallbladder wall on ultrasound? a Less than 3 mm b More than 5 mm c Exactly 4 mm 7 Which organ is located in the left upper quadrant on an abdominal ultrasound? a Spleen b Appendix c Gallbladder 8 What is the normal appearance of the kidneys on ultrasound? a Renal medulla is more echogenic b Renal cortex is hypoechoic c Renal cortex is more echogenic than the renal medulla 9 Which structure is commonly used as a sonographic window to visualize the pancreas? a Stomach b Bladder c Gallbladder 10 What is the normal appearance of the liver on ultrasound? a Hypoechoic compared to the renal cortex b Hyperechoic compared to the renal cortex c Isoechoic compared to the spleen 11 Which of the following is a common anatomic variant of the aorta? a Pulmonary artery dilation b Renal artery stenosis c Aortic arch branching pattern 12 What is the most common location for an aortic coarctation? a Ascending aorta b Descending thoracic aorta c Near the insertion of the ductus arteriosus 13 Which variant is characterized by a right-sided aortic arch with mirror-image branching? a Bovine arch b Coarctation of the aorta c Right aortic arch 14 What is a bovine arch anatomic variant? a Right aortic arch b Triple aortic arch c Common origin of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries 15 Which variant is associated with an abnormal origin of the left subclavian artery? a Aortic aneurysm b Aberrant right subclavian artery c Aortic dissection 16 What is the most common type of aortic arch branching pattern? a Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery b Double aortic arch c Single brachiocephalic artery 17 Which variant is characterized by a common origin of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries? a Right aortic arch b Coarctation of the aorta c Bovine arch 18 What is the term for a congenital narrowing of the aorta? a Aortic aneurysm b Aortic dissection c Coarctation of the aorta 19 Which variant is associated with a dilated aortic root? a Aortic arch aneurysm b Aortic root aneurysm c Aortic valve stenosis 20 What is the term for an abnormal connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery? a Patent ductus arteriosus b Aortic dissection c Aortic coarctation 21 Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the presence of two ureters on one kidney? a Horseshoe kidney b Solitary kidney c Duplex kidney 22 What is the term for an anatomic variant where the kidney is located in the pelvis instead of the abdomen? a Fused kidney b Horseshoe kidney c Ectopic kidney 23 Which anatomic variant involves the fusion of the lower poles of both kidneys? a Duplex kidney b Ectopic kidney c Horseshoe kidney 24 What is the term for a kidney with only one functional unit due to the absence of the other? a Duplex kidney b Solitary kidney c Horseshoe kidney 25 Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the presence of multiple small cysts? a Fused kidney b Polycystic kidney c Horseshoe kidney 26 What is the term for a kidney that is fused together at the lower poles? a Fused kidney b Ectopic kidney c Duplex kidney 27 Which anatomic variant involves the presence of an additional kidney on one side? a Supernumerary kidney b Horseshoe kidney c Solitary kidney 28 What is the term for a kidney that is abnormally small in size? a Duplex kidney b Hypoplastic kidney c Polycystic kidney 29 Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the absence of one kidney? a Fused kidney b Horseshoe kidney c Unilateral renal agenesis 30 What is the term for a kidney that is enlarged due to excessive fluid accumulation? a Duplex kidney b Hydronephrotic kidney c Ectopic kidney 31 What is the most common anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava? a Double IVC b Right IVC c Left IVC 32 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with situs inversus? a Double IVC b Right IVC c Left IVC 33 What percentage of the population has an anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava? a 10% b 0.2% c 5% 34 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is often asymptomatic? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 35 What is the embryological origin of anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava? a Failure of the vitelline veins to regress b Failure of the cardinal veins to regress c Failure of the subcardinal veins to regress 36 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with renal anomalies? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 37 What imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava? a CT scan b Ultrasound c X-ray 38 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is more common in females? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 39 What is the significance of anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava in surgical procedures? a No impact on surgical outcomes b Decreased risk of complications c Increased risk of complications 40 Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with azygos continuation? a Right IVC b Double IVC c Left IVC 41 Which structure is located to the right of the liver on ultrasound? a Pancreas b Spleen c Gallbladder 42 What is the landmark used to identify the caudate lobe of the liver? a Aorta b Portal vein c IVC 43 Which structure is seen anterior to the liver on ultrasound? a Colon b Stomach c Kidney 44 What is the landmark used to identify the right hepatic vein? a IVC b Portal vein c Aorta 45 Which structure is located posterior to the liver on ultrasound? a Spleen b Diaphragm c Kidney 46 What is the landmark used to identify the left hepatic vein? a Aorta b Portal vein c Ligamentum venosum 47 Which structure is seen superior to the liver on ultrasound? a Diaphragm b Spleen c Stomach 48 What is the landmark used to identify the portal vein in the liver? a Main portal vein bifurcation b IVC c Aorta 49 Which structure is located inferior to the liver on ultrasound? a Right kidney b Stomach c Spleen 50 What is the landmark used to identify the left portal vein branch? a Aorta b IVC c Ligamentum teres 51 Which anatomic variant of the spleen is characterized by multiple small accessory spleens? a Splenoids b Splenules c Splenunculi 52 What is the most common anatomic variant of the pancreas? a Pancreas unicus b Pancreas duplex c Pancreas divisum 53 Which anatomic variant of the spleen is a congenital absence of the spleen? a Hypersplenia b Asplenia c Splenoptosis 54 What is the term for an accessory pancreatic lobe located near the spleen? a Lobe of Rokitansky b Lobe of Virchow c Lobe of Langerhans 55 Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by a bifid appearance? a Pancreas bifidum b Pancreas trifidum c Pancreas quadridum 56 What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the tail of the pancreas? a Splenorenal b Lien Renale c Splenopancreatic 57 Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by a lobulated appearance? a Pancreas nodosum b Pancreas segmentum c Pancreas lobatum 58 What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the splenic hilum? a Splenule b Splenoid c Splenunculus 59 Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by an accessory pancreatic duct? a Duct of Wirsung b Duct of Santorini c Duct of Luschka 60 What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the pancreatic tail? a Splenopancreatic b Lien Accessoire c Splenorenal 61 Which lab value is elevated in aortic dissection? a Bilirubin b Troponin c D-dimer 62 What does an elevated BNP indicate in aortic pathology? a Liver disease b Heart failure c Kidney stones 63 Which lab value can suggest inflammation in the aorta? a Albumin b Hemoglobin c CRP (C-reactive protein) 64 What does an elevated LDH suggest in aortic pathology? a Vitamin deficiency b Tissue damage c Dehydration 65 Which lab value is associated with aortic aneurysm rupture? a Hemoglobin b Thyroid hormone c Uric acid 66 What does an elevated WBC count indicate in aortic pathology? a Infection b Anemia c High blood pressure 67 Which lab value is used to monitor anticoagulant therapy in aortic diseases? a Potassium b Glucose c INR (International Normalized Ratio) 68 What does an elevated troponin level suggest in aortic pathology? a Lung cancer b Myocardial infarction c Diabetes 69 Which lab value can indicate renal dysfunction in aortic pathology? a Creatinine b Cholesterol c Sodium 70 What does an elevated ESR suggest in aortic pathology? a Low platelet count b Blood clot c Inflammation 71 What is the normal range for ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) in liver function tests? a 5-20 U/L b 50-100 U/L c 10-40 U/L 72 Which liver enzyme is primarily found in the liver and is used to assess liver function? a CK (Creatine Kinase) b AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) c LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) 73 What does an elevated level of GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase) indicate? a Kidney dysfunction b Heart disease c Liver or bile duct injury 74 What is the normal range for total bilirubin in liver function tests? a 3-5 mg/dL b 10-15 mg/dL c 0.3-1.2 mg/dL 75 Which liver function test measures the synthetic function of the liver? a Albumin b Lipase c Amylase 76 What is the primary function of the liver in the body? a Blood circulation b Detoxification c Muscle contraction 77 Which liver enzyme is elevated in cases of liver damage or disease? a LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase) b CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase) c ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) 78 What is the normal range for PT (Prothrombin Time) in liver function tests? a 11-13 seconds b 5-8 seconds c 20-25 seconds 79 Which liver function test is used to assess the liver's ability to excrete bilirubin? a Direct Bilirubin b Total Bilirubin c Indirect Bilirubin 80 What is the normal range for AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) in liver function tests? a 10-30 U/L b 40-60 U/L c 5-15 U/L 81 Which landmark is used to locate the liver on ultrasound? a Left kidney b Right hemidiaphragm c Spleen 82 What is the landmark for the portal vein in liver ultrasound? a Gallbladder b Common bile duct c Main portal vein bifurcation 83 Which structure is used to identify the caudate lobe on ultrasound? a Inferior vena cava b Gallbladder c Aorta 84 What is the landmark for the left portal vein branch? a Right hepatic vein b Inferior vena cava c Middle hepatic vein 85 Which structure helps in identifying the right portal vein branch? a Aorta b Right hepatic artery c Left hepatic vein 86 What is the landmark for the right lobe of the liver on ultrasound? a Left kidney b Spleen c Gallbladder fossa 87 Which structure is used to locate the falciform ligament on ultrasound? a Aorta b Spleen c Main portal vein 88 What is the landmark for the ligamentum venosum in liver ultrasound? a Gallbladder b Left portal vein c Inferior vena cava 89 Which structure helps identify the quadrate lobe on ultrasound? a Right hepatic vein b Left portal vein c Aorta 90 What is the landmark for the hepatic veins in liver ultrasound? a Aorta b Spleen c Inferior vena cava

1

Which organ is commonly visualized in the right upper quadrant on an abdominal ultrasound?

a

Pancreas

b

Spleen

c

Liver

2

What is the normal size of the gallbladder on ultrasound?

a

More than 15 cm in length

b

Less than 10 cm in length

c

Exactly 12 cm in length

3

Which vessel is often used as a landmark for identifying the pancreas on ultrasound?

a

Portal vein

b

Inferior vena cava

c

Aorta

4

What is the normal appearance of the spleen on ultrasound?

a

Calcifications

b

Multiple cysts

c

Homogeneous echotexture

5

Which structure is located posterior to the body of the pancreas?

a

Aorta

b

Spleen

c

Gallbladder

6

What is the normal thickness of the gallbladder wall on ultrasound?

a

Less than 3 mm

b

More than 5 mm

c

Exactly 4 mm

7

Which organ is located in the left upper quadrant on an abdominal ultrasound?

a

Spleen

b

Appendix

c

Gallbladder

8

What is the normal appearance of the kidneys on ultrasound?

a

Renal medulla is more echogenic

b

Renal cortex is hypoechoic

c

Renal cortex is more echogenic than the renal medulla

9

Which structure is commonly used as a sonographic window to visualize the pancreas?

a

Stomach

b

Bladder

c

Gallbladder

10

What is the normal appearance of the liver on ultrasound?

a

Hypoechoic compared to the renal cortex

b

Hyperechoic compared to the renal cortex

c

Isoechoic compared to the spleen

11

Which of the following is a common anatomic variant of the aorta?

a

Pulmonary artery dilation

b

Renal artery stenosis

c

Aortic arch branching pattern

12

What is the most common location for an aortic coarctation?

a

Ascending aorta

b

Descending thoracic aorta

c

Near the insertion of the ductus arteriosus

13

Which variant is characterized by a right-sided aortic arch with mirror-image branching?

a

Bovine arch

b

Coarctation of the aorta

c

Right aortic arch

14

What is a bovine arch anatomic variant?

a

Right aortic arch

b

Triple aortic arch

c

Common origin of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries

15

Which variant is associated with an abnormal origin of the left subclavian artery?

a

Aortic aneurysm

b

Aberrant right subclavian artery

c

Aortic dissection

16

What is the most common type of aortic arch branching pattern?

a

Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery

b

Double aortic arch

c

Single brachiocephalic artery

17

Which variant is characterized by a common origin of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries?

a

Right aortic arch

b

Coarctation of the aorta

c

Bovine arch

18

What is the term for a congenital narrowing of the aorta?

a

Aortic aneurysm

b

Aortic dissection

c

Coarctation of the aorta

19

Which variant is associated with a dilated aortic root?

a

Aortic arch aneurysm

b

Aortic root aneurysm

c

Aortic valve stenosis

20

What is the term for an abnormal connection between the aorta and pulmonary artery?

a

Patent ductus arteriosus

b

Aortic dissection

c

Aortic coarctation

21

Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the presence of two ureters on one kidney?

a

Horseshoe kidney

b

Solitary kidney

c

Duplex kidney

22

What is the term for an anatomic variant where the kidney is located in the pelvis instead of the abdomen?

a

Fused kidney

b

Horseshoe kidney

c

Ectopic kidney

23

Which anatomic variant involves the fusion of the lower poles of both kidneys?

a

Duplex kidney

b

Ectopic kidney

c

Horseshoe kidney

24

What is the term for a kidney with only one functional unit due to the absence of the other?

a

Duplex kidney

b

Solitary kidney

c

Horseshoe kidney

25

Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the presence of multiple small cysts?

a

Fused kidney

b

Polycystic kidney

c

Horseshoe kidney

26

What is the term for a kidney that is fused together at the lower poles?

a

Fused kidney

b

Ectopic kidney

c

Duplex kidney

27

Which anatomic variant involves the presence of an additional kidney on one side?

a

Supernumerary kidney

b

Horseshoe kidney

c

Solitary kidney

28

What is the term for a kidney that is abnormally small in size?

a

Duplex kidney

b

Hypoplastic kidney

c

Polycystic kidney

29

Which anatomic variant of the kidney is characterized by the absence of one kidney?

a

Fused kidney

b

Horseshoe kidney

c

Unilateral renal agenesis

30

What is the term for a kidney that is enlarged due to excessive fluid accumulation?

a

Duplex kidney

b

Hydronephrotic kidney

c

Ectopic kidney

31

What is the most common anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava?

a

Double IVC

b

Right IVC

c

Left IVC

32

Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with situs inversus?

a

Double IVC

b

Right IVC

c

Left IVC

33

What percentage of the population has an anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava?

a

10%

b

0.2%

c

5%

34

Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is often asymptomatic?

a

Right IVC

b

Double IVC

c

Left IVC

35

What is the embryological origin of anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava?

a

Failure of the vitelline veins to regress

b

Failure of the cardinal veins to regress

c

Failure of the subcardinal veins to regress

36

Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with renal anomalies?

a

Right IVC

b

Double IVC

c

Left IVC

37

What imaging modality is commonly used to diagnose anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava?

a

CT scan

b

Ultrasound

c

X-ray

38

Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is more common in females?

a

Right IVC

b

Double IVC

c

Left IVC

39

What is the significance of anatomic variants of the Inferior Vena Cava in surgical procedures?

a

No impact on surgical outcomes

b

Decreased risk of complications

c

Increased risk of complications

40

Which anatomic variant of the Inferior Vena Cava is associated with azygos continuation?

a

Right IVC

b

Double IVC

c

Left IVC

41

Which structure is located to the right of the liver on ultrasound?

a

Pancreas

b

Spleen

c

Gallbladder

42

What is the landmark used to identify the caudate lobe of the liver?

a

Aorta

b

Portal vein

c

IVC

43

Which structure is seen anterior to the liver on ultrasound?

a

Colon

b

Stomach

c

Kidney

44

What is the landmark used to identify the right hepatic vein?

a

IVC

b

Portal vein

c

Aorta

45

Which structure is located posterior to the liver on ultrasound?

a

Spleen

b

Diaphragm

c

Kidney

46

What is the landmark used to identify the left hepatic vein?

a

Aorta

b

Portal vein

c

Ligamentum venosum

47

Which structure is seen superior to the liver on ultrasound?

a

Diaphragm

b

Spleen

c

Stomach

48

What is the landmark used to identify the portal vein in the liver?

a

Main portal vein bifurcation

b

IVC

c

Aorta

49

Which structure is located inferior to the liver on ultrasound?

a

Right kidney

b

Stomach

c

Spleen

50

What is the landmark used to identify the left portal vein branch?

a

Aorta

b

IVC

c

Ligamentum teres

51

Which anatomic variant of the spleen is characterized by multiple small accessory spleens?

a

Splenoids

b

Splenules

c

Splenunculi

52

What is the most common anatomic variant of the pancreas?

a

Pancreas unicus

b

Pancreas duplex

c

Pancreas divisum

53

Which anatomic variant of the spleen is a congenital absence of the spleen?

a

Hypersplenia

b

Asplenia

c

Splenoptosis

54

What is the term for an accessory pancreatic lobe located near the spleen?

a

Lobe of Rokitansky

b

Lobe of Virchow

c

Lobe of Langerhans

55

Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by a bifid appearance?

a

Pancreas bifidum

b

Pancreas trifidum

c

Pancreas quadridum

56

What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the tail of the pancreas?

a

Splenorenal

b

Lien Renale

c

Splenopancreatic

57

Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by a lobulated appearance?

a

Pancreas nodosum

b

Pancreas segmentum

c

Pancreas lobatum

58

What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the splenic hilum?

a

Splenule

b

Splenoid

c

Splenunculus

59

Which anatomic variant of the pancreas is characterized by an accessory pancreatic duct?

a

Duct of Wirsung

b

Duct of Santorini

c

Duct of Luschka

60

What is the term for an accessory spleen located near the pancreatic tail?

a

Splenopancreatic

b

Lien Accessoire

c

Splenorenal

61

Which lab value is elevated in aortic dissection?

a

Bilirubin

b

Troponin

c

D-dimer

62

What does an elevated BNP indicate in aortic pathology?

a

Liver disease

b

Heart failure

c

Kidney stones

63

Which lab value can suggest inflammation in the aorta?

a

Albumin

b

Hemoglobin

c

CRP (C-reactive protein)

64

What does an elevated LDH suggest in aortic pathology?

a

Vitamin deficiency

b

Tissue damage

c

Dehydration

65

Which lab value is associated with aortic aneurysm rupture?

a

Hemoglobin

b

Thyroid hormone

c

Uric acid

66

What does an elevated WBC count indicate in aortic pathology?

a

Infection

b

Anemia

c

High blood pressure

67

Which lab value is used to monitor anticoagulant therapy in aortic diseases?

a

Potassium

b

Glucose

c

INR (International Normalized Ratio)

68

What does an elevated troponin level suggest in aortic pathology?

a

Lung cancer

b

Myocardial infarction

c

Diabetes

69

Which lab value can indicate renal dysfunction in aortic pathology?

a

Creatinine

b

Cholesterol

c

Sodium

70

What does an elevated ESR suggest in aortic pathology?

a

Low platelet count

b

Blood clot

c

Inflammation

71

What is the normal range for ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) in liver function tests?

a

5-20 U/L

b

50-100 U/L

c

10-40 U/L

72

Which liver enzyme is primarily found in the liver and is used to assess liver function?

a

CK (Creatine Kinase)

b

AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase)

c

LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase)

73

What does an elevated level of GGT (Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase) indicate?

a

Kidney dysfunction

b

Heart disease

c

Liver or bile duct injury

74

What is the normal range for total bilirubin in liver function tests?

a

3-5 mg/dL

b

10-15 mg/dL

c

0.3-1.2 mg/dL

75

Which liver function test measures the synthetic function of the liver?

a

Albumin

b

Lipase

c

Amylase

76

What is the primary function of the liver in the body?

a

Blood circulation

b

Detoxification

c

Muscle contraction

77

Which liver enzyme is elevated in cases of liver damage or disease?

a

LDH (Lactate Dehydrogenase)

b

CPK (Creatine Phosphokinase)

c

ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase)

78

What is the normal range for PT (Prothrombin Time) in liver function tests?

a

11-13 seconds

b

5-8 seconds

c

20-25 seconds

79

Which liver function test is used to assess the liver's ability to excrete bilirubin?

a

Direct Bilirubin

b

Total Bilirubin

c

Indirect Bilirubin

80

What is the normal range for AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase) in liver function tests?

a

10-30 U/L

b

40-60 U/L

c

5-15 U/L

81

Which landmark is used to locate the liver on ultrasound?

a

Left kidney

b

Right hemidiaphragm

c

Spleen

82

What is the landmark for the portal vein in liver ultrasound?

a

Gallbladder

b

Common bile duct

c

Main portal vein bifurcation

83

Which structure is used to identify the caudate lobe on ultrasound?

a

Inferior vena cava

b

Gallbladder

c

Aorta

84

What is the landmark for the left portal vein branch?

a

Right hepatic vein

b

Inferior vena cava

c

Middle hepatic vein

85

Which structure helps in identifying the right portal vein branch?

a

Aorta

b

Right hepatic artery

c

Left hepatic vein

86

What is the landmark for the right lobe of the liver on ultrasound?

a

Left kidney

b

Spleen

c

Gallbladder fossa

87

Which structure is used to locate the falciform ligament on ultrasound?

a

Aorta

b

Spleen

c

Main portal vein

88

What is the landmark for the ligamentum venosum in liver ultrasound?

a

Gallbladder

b

Left portal vein

c

Inferior vena cava

89

Which structure helps identify the quadrate lobe on ultrasound?

a

Right hepatic vein

b

Left portal vein

c

Aorta

90

What is the landmark for the hepatic veins in liver ultrasound?

a

Aorta

b

Spleen

c

Inferior vena cava

Abdominal Ultrasound Quiz

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