Research basics in daily life
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Slide 1: What is Research?
Research is a systematic inquiry to discover, interpret, or revise facts, events, and laws. It answers questions using evidence.
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Slide 2: Why Study Research?
Understanding research helps us make informed decisions, solve problems, and evaluate information we encounter daily.
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Slide 3: Chapter 1 Overview
Chapter 1 introduces purpose, questions, and the research process. It sets the foundation for the study.
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Slide 4: Problem Formulation
Define a clear problem, justify its importance, and frame it into a focused research question.
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Slide 5: Research Question
A good question is specific, researchable, and measurable within available resources.
Objectives translate the question into actionable steps: what the study aims to achieve and prove.
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Slide 7: Chapter 2 Overview
Chapter 2 covers literature review, theoretical framing, and prior findings related to the topic.
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Slide 8: Literature Review
Survey relevant sources to identify gaps, support hypotheses, and justify the study’s value.
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Slide 9: Theoretical Framework
Use theories to guide interpretation and connect findings to existing knowledge.
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Slide 10: Hypothesis (Quantitative)
Propose testable statements that predict relationships between variables.
Identify independent and dependent variables; consider confounding factors.
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Slide 12: Chapter 3 Overview
Chapter 3 describes methods: design, sample, data collection, and analysis.
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Slide 13: Research Design
Choose design: descriptive, correlational, experimental, or qualitative based on questions.
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Slide 14: Population & Sample
Define population, select a representative sample, and justify sampling frame.
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Slide 15: Sampling Methods
Random, stratified, convenience, or purposive sampling affect generalizability.
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Slide 16: Data Collection Tools
Use surveys, interviews, observations, or existing data with reliability in mind.
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Slide 17: Instrument Validity
Ensure instruments measure what they intend; assess validity and reliability.
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Slide 18: Reliability & Validity
Inter-rater reliability, test-retest, and content validity strengthen findings.
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Slide 19: Data Analysis Basics
Qualitative: coding and themes; Quantitative: statistics, patterns, and relationships.
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Slide 20: Ethics in Research
Obtain consent, protect privacy, minimize harm, and report findings honestly.
Acknowledge biases, sampling limits, and measurement challenges in interpretation.
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Slide 22: Results & Interpretation
Present findings clearly; interpret in light of theory and literature review.
Discuss implications, unexpected results, and how they advance knowledge.
Summarize key findings, contributions, and suggestions for future research.
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Slide 25: Application to Daily Life
Apply research steps to everyday problems; practice critical thinking and evidence evaluation.
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