Corporations and Control in Ecuador

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Corporate law quiz (EN)

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Jenny Brillit Muñoz Carbo

Ecuador

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Corporations and Control in Ecuador


Corporations and Control in EcuadorVersión en línea Corporate law quiz (EN) por Jenny Brillit Muñoz Carbo 1 1. Main difference between a public limited company (SA) and a private company (LLC) a In a public limited company, capital is divided into shares and liability is limited to contributions; in a limited company, capital is divided into participations and liability is also limited to the contribution. b Public companies have unlimited liability. c They are the same in capital structure. d Public companies are not allowed to issue shares. 2 2. Name 3 types of empresas in Ecuador a 1- Sociedad Anónima; 2- Compañía Limitada; 3- S.A.S. Empresa Individual de responsabilidad limitada b 4- Sociedad Colectiva; 5- Sociedad Civil; 6- Sociedad en Comandita por Acciones 3 3. Role of the Superintendence of Companies, Securities and Insurance a Controls, watches over, and regulates companies, securities markets, and insurance. b Manages private investment funds. c Sets tax rates for corporations. d Grants licenses to all businesses. 4 4. Purpose of registering a company in the mercantile registry a To grant legal existence, publicize acts, and give the company juridical personality. b To create tax obligations only. c To separate the company from the state. d To avoid annual reporting. 5 5. Characteristics of a sole proprietorship a Requires at least two owners. b Owned by a single natural person who assumes all liability. c Liability is limited to the initial investment. d Is always a public company. 6 6. Distinction: mixed economy company vs. anonymous company a There is no difference. b A mixed-economy company (CIA) has both public and private capital; an anonymous company is private capital only. c A mixed company has no capital; an anonymous company has unlimited capital. d An anonymous company is government-owned. 7 7. Minimum capital to form an anonymous company in Ecuador a Varies by current regulations; currently there is no explicit minimum legal minimum for creation, but there may be for operation. b Fixed at 50,000 USD. c Fixed at 1,000 USD. d There is no capital requirement for any company. 8 8. Regulatory bodies overseeing banks in Ecuador a Ministry of Economy b Superintendence of Banks c Superintendence of Securities d Central Bank of Ecuador 9 9. Which company type is ideal for a business with few partners and limited liability? a Sociedad Anónima b Compañía Limitada (Limited Company) c Cooperative Society d S.A.S. 10 10. Liability of partners in a limited company a Liability limited to the amount of their contributions or participations in the capital. b Liability limited to one’s salary. c Liability is unlimited. d Liability extends to personal assets beyond contributions. 11 11. What is a foreign branch and how is it governed? a A branch of a company from another country; it must follow the laws of the country where it operates and those of its parent company. b A subsidiary; governed exclusively by local laws. c A separate company; governed only by its home country. d Not allowed to operate internationally. 12 12. Primary objective of control organisms (regulators) a Ensure compliance with the law, protect market participants, guarantee transparency and stability. b Promote only investor profits. c Sets wage standards. d Manages tax collection exclusively. 13 13. Implications of non-compliance with regulations a Tax refunds only. b Fines, sanctions, interventions, dissolution or liquidation of the company. c No penalties. d Public commendation. 14 14. What is a holding company? a A micro-enterprise only. b A company that only produces goods. c A company whose main activity is holding or managing shares/participations of another company. d A company focused on consumer services. 15 15. Difference between merger and acquisition a Merger is illegal. b They are the same concept. c Merger is the joining of two or more companies to form a new one or to integrate one into another; acquisition is when one company buys control of another. d Merger is when a company dissolves; acquisition is when it grows. 16 16. What is dissolution of a company? a A change of country of incorporation. b The legal act that ends the corporate life of a company, prior to liquidation. c A temporary shutdown without ending legal status. d Only applicable to banks. 17 17. How does the Commercial Code relate to types of companies a It only covers taxes. b It is the legal framework regulating commercial activities and establishing norms for incorporation and operation of mercantile companies. c It applies only to civil firms. d It is optional guidance with no legal force. 18 18. Function of the general meeting of partners or shareholders a Supreme governing body responsible for key decisions (approval of financial statements, appointment of management, etc.). b A regulatory body external to the company. c An entity with no real power. d A purely advisory body. 19 19. Advantages of a public limited company for capital acquisition a Increases liability for managers. b Reduces corporate governance quality. c Limits ability to raise funds. d Facilitates raising large amounts of capital through share issuance and access to capital markets. 20 20. Disadvantages of a limited company vs. a public limited company a Less ease in raising large capital, transfer restrictions on participations, and less flexibility. b No differences exist. c Greater ease in raising capital, easier transfer, and more flexibility. d Limited companies have more capital access.

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Corporations and Control in Ecuador

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Corporations and Control in EcuadorVersión en línea

por Jenny Brillit Muñoz Carbo

1. Main difference between a public limited company (SA) and a private company (LLC)

2. Name 3 types of empresas in Ecuador

3. Role of the Superintendence of Companies, Securities and Insurance

4. Purpose of registering a company in the mercantile registry

5. Characteristics of a sole proprietorship

6. Distinction: mixed economy company vs. anonymous company

7. Minimum capital to form an anonymous company in Ecuador

8. Regulatory bodies overseeing banks in Ecuador

9. Which company type is ideal for a business with few partners and limited liability?

10. Liability of partners in a limited company

11. What is a foreign branch and how is it governed?

12. Primary objective of control organisms (regulators)

13. Implications of non-compliance with regulations

14. What is a holding company?

15. Difference between merger and acquisition

16. What is dissolution of a company?

17. How does the Commercial Code relate to types of companies

18. Function of the general meeting of partners or shareholders

19. Advantages of a public limited company for capital acquisition

20. Disadvantages of a limited company vs. a public limited company