Relacionar Columnas Nursing Magnesium MatchVersión en línea Match magnesium concepts with their facts por luis 1 What is the normal serum magnesium level? 2 What does magnesium do for muscles? 3 What is magnesium’s role in the heart? 4 How is magnesium regulated? 5 Where is most magnesium stored in the body? 6 What system does magnesium influence related to glucose? 7 What does magnesium do for nerves? 8 Where is magnesium absorbed? 9 What electrolyte does magnesium help regulate? 10 What is magnesium’s main role in the body? Small intestine Kidneys (excretion) Potassium (K⁺) Bones and intracellular fluid (ICF) Maintains normal cardiac rhythm 1.6–2.6 mEq/L Supports muscle contraction and relaxation Insulin release and activity Helps transmit nerve impulses Involved in >300 biochemical reactions 1 What medications can cause hypomagnesemia? 2 What classic signs may be positive? 3 What cardiac effects occur? 4 What GI issues cause Mg loss? 5 What complication can oral Mg cause? 6 What is priority nursing action for low Mg? 7 What is hypomagnesemia? 8 What are common causes of low magnesium? 9 What neuromuscular signs occur? 10 What foods are high in magnesium? 11 What happens to reflexes in hypomagnesemia? 12 What GI issues cause Mg loss? 13 What GI findings occur? 14 How is hypomagnesemia treated? Diarrhea Dysrhythmias, tachycardia, hypertension Constipation, hypoactive bowel sounds PO magnesium (mild), IV magnesium (severe) Loop & thiazide diuretics Hyperactive (↑ reflexes) Vomiting and diarrhea Mg <1.6 mEq/L (or <1.3 in some refs) Vomiting and diarrhea Green leafy vegetables, nuts, whole grains Diarrhea, NG suction, diuretics, alcohol use, malnutrition Tetany, seizures, paresthesia Monitor cardiac rhythm (ECG) Chvostek’s & Trousseau’s signs 1 What is the antidote for magnesium toxicity? 2 What respiratory effect occurs? 3 What is hypermagnesemia? 4 What IV fluids are used? 5 What happens to reflexes in hypermagnesemia? 6 What medications can cause high Mg? 7 What must be monitored closely? 8 What is a severe complication of high Mg? 9 What CNS effects occur? 10 What is priority nursing assessment? 11 What is the most common cause? 12 What cardiac effects occur? 13 What medications help remove Mg? Mg-containing antacids & laxatives Cardiac arrest Calcium gluconate Check reflexes (DTRs) Loop diuretics VS, LOC, respirations, ECG Bradycardia, hypotension, dysrhythmias Respiratory depression Renal failure Lethargy, drowsiness Magnesium-free IV fluids Decreased or absent reflexes Mg >2.6 mEq/L 1 Which electrolyte imbalance looks like hypocalcemia? 2 Hypermagnesemia causes what type of excitability? 3 What patient is HIGH RISK for hypomagnesemia? 4 •\HIGH Mg = everything SLOWED 🧊 5 What happens to reflexes in HIGH Mg? 6 Hypomagnesemia causes what type of excitability? 7 Which condition is most dangerous with high Mg? 8 What patient is HIGH RISK for hypermagnesemia? 9 •LOW Mg = everything OVERACTIVE 🔥 10 What happens to reflexes in LOW Mg? Hyper (↑ activity) Alcohol use disorder / GI losses Renal failure patient Respiratory depression + cardiac arrest Hypomagnesemia DECREASED reflexes Reflexes ↑ , Seizures, Heart ↑ Reflexes ↓, Resp ↓, Heart ↓ Hypo (↓ activity) INCREASED reflexes 1 What electrolyte imbalance is commonly seen with hypomagnesemia? 2 What lab should always be checked with Mg? 3 Why does low Mg cause low potassium? 4 What electrolyte imbalance is also linked to low Mg? 5 Why does hypomagnesemia cause hypocalcemia? 6 What ECG changes may occur with low Mg? 7 What happens if Mg is not corrected before K⁺? 8 What ECG changes may occur with high Mg? Impairs PTH release Prolonged PR interval, heart block Potassium and Calcium Mg is needed to retain potassium in cells Hypocalcemia Potassium will not correct Hypokalemia Prolonged QT, dysrhythmias 1 What is a common side effect of magnesium sulfate? 2 What is the therapeutic Mg level for eclampsia? 3 What indicates Mg toxicity during infusion? 4 What is magnesium sulfate’s mechanism? 5 What is bisacodyl? 6 What medication is magnesium sulfate used for? 7 What must be monitored during Mg sulfate infusion? 8 What is the antidote for Mg sulfate toxicity? 9 What is a serious side effect of magnesium sulfate? 10 What is lidocaine’s relation to Mg? Calcium gluconate Laxative (can ↓ Mg if abused) 4–7 mEq/L (higher than normal) CNS depressant, relaxes smooth muscle Both used for dysrhythmias Respirations, reflexes, urine output Flushing, warmth Eclampsia (prevent seizures) Respiratory depression Absent DTRs 1 What respiratory rate is concerning with Mg toxicity? 2 What is the FIRST sign of magnesium toxicity? 3 What must always be at bedside with Mg infusion? 4 Why is low urine output dangerous? 5 What is priority: low Mg seizures or high Mg bradycardia? 6 What assessment is MOST important for Mg imbalance? 7 What urine output indicates risk for Mg toxicity? <12 breaths/min <30 mL/hr Neuromuscular + cardiac monitoring Calcium gluconate Loss of deep tendon reflexes Airway/breathing always first Mg is excreted by kidneys → buildup 1 Which findings indicate hypomagnesemia? 2 Which patients are at risk for hypomagnesemia? 3 Which patients are at risk for hypermagnesemia? 4 Which findings indicate hypermagnesemia? 5 What should nurse monitor with Mg imbalance? ECG, reflexes, LOC, respirations Bradycardia, hypotension, ↓ reflexes, lethargy Hyperreflexia, tremors, seizures, positive Chvostek’s Renal failure, excessive antacids/laxatives Alcohol use, diarrhea, NG suction, malnutrition 1 What is done if kidneys are not working? 2 What must nurse assess before giving Mg? 3 What is priority for hypermagnesemia? 4 What is priority for hypomagnesemia? 5 What route is used for severe hypomagnesemia? 6 Why give Mg slowly IV? 7 What medication removes Mg from body? Replace Mg and monitor cardiac rhythm Loop diuretics (if kidneys working) Kidney function + urine output IV magnesium sulfate Dialysis Stop Mg intake immediately Rapid infusion can cause cardiac arrest 1 Pt has Mg 1.0 + arrhythmias → treatment? 2 Pt has Mg 3.5 mEq/L + RR 10 → priority? 3 Pt with renal failure + weak reflexes → what imbalance? 4 Why is magnesium important in cardiac patients? 5 Why must Mg be corrected before potassium? 6 Why is Mg given in torsades de pointes? 7 What foods are high in magnesium? 8 What patient education prevents high Mg? 9 Pt on Mg sulfate loses reflexes → what do you do FIRST? 10 What fruits contain Mg? 11 What dairy contains Mg? 12 Pt with diarrhea and NG suction → likely Mg? 13 What system is MOST affected by Mg imbalance? 14 What happens if Mg is too high in ICU patient? 15 Pt taking laxatives daily → risk for? 16 What patient education prevents low Mg? 17 Pt with alcohol use + tremors + seizures → what imbalance? 18 After stopping Mg infusion, next action? Support airway/oxygen K will not stay in cells without Mg Nonfat milk, yogurt Prevents dysrhythmias Stabilizes cardiac rhythm Hypomagnesemia Administer calcium gluconate STOP infusion Neuromuscular + cardiovascular IV magnesium Avoid alcohol abuse, eat balanced diet Bananas, avocado, blueberries Nuts, legumes, whole grains, leafy greens Avoid overuse of antacids/laxatives LOW Respiratory failure + cardiac arrest Hypomagnesemia OR hypermagnesemia (depends) Hypermagnesemia
Unir con flechas
Empareja los nombres de las 7 maravillas del mundo moderno con su imagen al atardecer