Relacionar Columnas Meds Match: Drug Classes and UsesVersión en línea Pair common medications with their primary use or class. por clari adame 1 Maximum dosage 2 Common use 3 Administration routes 4 Acetaminophen 5 Action 6 Pediatric dosage 7 Antidote 8 Nursing considerations N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) PO, PR, IV Commonly prescribed for mild pain and fever Antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic Assess alcohol and OTC use Max 4000 mg/24 hours 10–15 mg/kg per dose; max 5 doses/24h Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis 1 Administration 2 Client teaching 3 Common side effects 4 Nursing implications 5 Pharmacologic class 6 Additional information 7 Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) 8 Action PO, PR (oral, rectal) Inhibits prostaglandin production; reduces platelets Assess pain/fever; assess for bleeding Therapeutic: antipyretic and non-opioid analgesic Salicylates Take with water; upright 15-30 min Hearing loss, tinnitus, GI bleeding Low-dose for TIA/MI; avoid under 18 w/o order 1 Onset and duration (inhalation) 2 Patient teaching 3 Albuterol 4 Beta2-adrenergic agonist 5 Common side effects 6 Administration routes 7 Nursing implications 8 Indications Onset 5-15 min; peak 60-90 min; 3-6 h Relief for reversible airway obstruction; exercise-induced bronchospasm Assess lung sounds and pulse; watch for paradoxical bronchospasm Nervousness, tremors, insomnia, headache Use spacer in children; 1 min between puffs; regular intervals Bronchodilator (therapeutic) PO and inhalation Adrenergic with airway relaxation 1 Therapeutic 2 Calcium carbonate 3 Maximum oral dose of calcium at one time is 500 mg 4 Side Effects 5 Vitamin D 6 Nursing Implications 7 Pharmacologic 8 Administration Calcium supplement for bone and heart function Arrhythmias and constipation None PO or IV routes Max 500 mg per dose Needed for calcium absorption Mineral and electrolyte replacement Monitor BP, P and EKG during IV use 1 Therapeutic class 2 Client Teaching 3 Side Effects 4 Nursing Implications 5 Celecoxib 6 Additional Information 7 Action Commonly prescribed for osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis Antirheumatic; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (PO) Watch for GI symptoms GI bleeding, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, nausea COX-2 inhibitor Assess site of pain, may be hard on the liver Monitor for increased AST/ALT blood levels Inhibits enzyme COX-2 which is required for prostaglandin synthesis 1 Action 2 Side Effects 3 Action 4 Nursing Implications 5 Codeine 6 Client Teaching 7 Additional Information 8 Nursing Implications 9 Nursing Implications 10 Nursing Implications t: allergy, cold, cough remedies, antitussives, opioid analgesics p: opioid agonists PO, IM, IV, SUBQ confusion, sedation, respiratory depression, hypotension, constipation, nausea, vomiting Assess type, location and intensity of pain before and 30-60 min after administration. Watch for overdose. Assess BP, P, R. If respirations <10/min Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS which alters the perception and response to pain while producing generalized CNS depression Use with extreme caution in patients receiving MAO inhibitors (reduce initial dosage to 25% of usual dose). Commonly used for the management of mild to moderate pain. Antitussive in smaller doses. Assess level of sedation Assess bowel function every four hours Instruct client on how and when to ask for pain medication Have client ask for help with assistance when ambulating due to drowsiness and dizziness. decreases cough reflex, decreases GI motility 1 Side Effects 2 Client Teaching 3 Docusate 4 Client Teaching 5 Additional Information 6 Action 7 Nursing Implications 8 Client Teaching Assess for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds and usual pattern of bowel function. Assess color, consistency, and amount of stool produced Advise client that laxatives should be used only for short-term therapy. Long-term therapy may cause electrolyte imbalance and dependence. Encourage patients to use other forms of bowel regulation, such as increasing fiber, fluids, and mobility. Commonly used for constipation. Oral therapy may take 3-5 days to produce results. Rectal therapy may produce results within 2 – 15 minutes. T: laxatives P: stool softeners PO, PR Draws water into stool resulting in softer fecal mass Instruct clients with cardiac disease to avoid straining during bowel movements (Valsalva maneuver) Mild cramps, diarrhea 1 Fentanyl 2 Client Teaching 3 Side Effects 4 Action 5 Side Effects 6 Antidote: 7 Additional Information 8 Additional Information 9 Client Teaching 10 Additional Information 11 Nursing Implications 12 Nursing Implications naloxone Initiate safety measures. Assess pain and pain relief with appropriate pain scale. Assess blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate/status. Confusion, sedation, weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, respiratory depression, n & v constipation, facial itching, dry mouth, headache, sweating. Avoid use in patients who have received MAO inhibitors within previous 14 days (may produce unpredictable, potentially fatal reactions). Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS, altering the response to and perception of pain. Facial itching is common with epidural use and may be treated with diphenhydramine (Benadryl). Safety Measures. Avoid activities requiring alertness. Change position slowly, use care with ambulation. Symptoms of toxicity include respiratory depression, hypotension, bradycardia. Avoid alcohol and CNS depressants while taking medication. Instruct patient in correct method for application and disposal of transdermal system. Assess level of sedation. Assess bowel function and prevent constipation. Perform good oral hygiene and intervention to decrease dry mouth. T: opioid analgesic P: opioid agonist Prolonged use may lead to physical and/or psychological dependence. 1 Nursing Implications 2 Action 3 Client Teaching 4 Ferrous Sulfate 5 Additional Information 6 Side Effects Enters the blood stream and goes to organs such as the liver, spleen, bone marrow where it becomes part of iron stores Assess nutrition Assess bowel function Monitor hemoglobin/hematocrit Has darker stools. Instruct client to follow a diet high in iron and increase fluids. Vitamin C aids with absorption. Liquid forms may stain teeth. Commonly prescribed for iron deficiency anemia Nausea, constipation, dark stools, diarrhea, epigastric pain T: antianemics P: iron supplement PO, IM, IV 1 Client Teaching 2 Nursing Implications 3 Additional Information 4 Action 5 Action 6 Folic Acid 7 Nursing Implications 8 Side Effects Required for protein synthesis and red blood cell function. Stimulates the production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Assess for symptoms of anemia. Monitor plasma folic acid levels, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and reticulocyte count before and periodically during therapy All women of childbearing age are encouraged to take folic acid. Folic acid early in pregnancy is necessary to prevent neural tube defects. Encourage foods high in folic acid: vegetables, fruits, and organ meats. Heat destroys folic acid in food. May cause intensely yellow urine. Rash, irritability, difficulty sleeping, malaise, confusion, fever. May decrease serum concentrations of other B complex vitamins when given in high/continuous doses. Necessary for normal fetal development. Restoration and maintenance of normal hematopoiesis. T: antianemic, vitamin P: water soluble vitamin IV, IM, PO, SubQ
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