Brachial Plexus Essentials

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Nerve network of the upper limb.

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Walaa

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Brachial Plexus EssentialsVersión en línea Nerve network of the upper limb. por Walaa 1 The Brachial Plexus The Brachial Plexus is the nerve network of the upper limb, providing sensory and motor supply to the arm and shoulder (except trapezius and part of skin). 2 Anatomy: Roots and Trunks The plexus begins with roots in the neck; these roots form trunks located in the posterior neck region, preparing the pathway to the arm. 3 Divisions and Cords From the trunks, there are divisions and then the cords in the axillary region, organizing nerves before they branch to the limb. 4 Stages and Site Key stages: roots in the neck, trunks in the posterior neck, divisions in the cervico-axillary canal, cords in the axilla. Sites reflect this progression. 5 Erb's Palsy Erb’s palsy results from C5–C6 injury. Signs: arm hangs by the side, medially rotated, weak shoulder abduction, and sensory loss over lateral forearm. 6 Klumpke's Palsy Klumpke’s palsy involves lower trunk injuries (C8–T1) leading to claw hand deformity and distal hand weakness. 7 Common Injury Scenarios Injuries can arise from trauma (e.g., motorcycle accidents) or obstetric delivery, where traction or pressure affects specific trunks or roots. 8 Classic Deformities Two hallmark outcomes: Erb’s palsy with arm internally rotated and Adducted; Klumpke’s palsy with clawed fingers due to distal involvement. 9 Clinical Assessment Assess motor function (shoulder abduction, elbow flexion) and sensation in lateral forearm and deltoid region to localize injury. Early diagnosis improves outcomes. 10 Recap The brachial plexus organizes from roots to cords, supplying the upper limb. Common injuries include Erb’s (C5–C6) and Klumpke’s (C8–T1) with distinct clinical pictures.

Brachial Plexus EssentialsVersión en línea

Nerve network of the upper limb.

por Walaa

The Brachial Plexus

The Brachial Plexus is the nerve network of the upper limb, providing sensory and motor supply to the arm and shoulder (except trapezius and part of skin).

Anatomy: Roots and Trunks

The plexus begins with roots in the neck; these roots form trunks located in the posterior neck region, preparing the pathway to the arm.

Divisions and Cords

From the trunks, there are divisions and then the cords in the axillary region, organizing nerves before they branch to the limb.

Stages and Site

Key stages: roots in the neck, trunks in the posterior neck, divisions in the cervico-axillary canal, cords in the axilla. Sites reflect this progression.

Erb's Palsy

Erb’s palsy results from C5–C6 injury. Signs: arm hangs by the side, medially rotated, weak shoulder abduction, and sensory loss over lateral forearm.

Klumpke's Palsy

Klumpke’s palsy involves lower trunk injuries (C8–T1) leading to claw hand deformity and distal hand weakness.

Common Injury Scenarios

Injuries can arise from trauma (e.g., motorcycle accidents) or obstetric delivery, where traction or pressure affects specific trunks or roots.

Classic Deformities

Two hallmark outcomes: Erb’s palsy with arm internally rotated and Adducted; Klumpke’s palsy with clawed fingers due to distal involvement.

Clinical Assessment

Assess motor function (shoulder abduction, elbow flexion) and sensation in lateral forearm and deltoid region to localize injury. Early diagnosis improves outcomes.

Recap

The brachial plexus organizes from roots to cords, supplying the upper limb. Common injuries include Erb’s (C5–C6) and Klumpke’s (C8–T1) with distinct clinical pictures.

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