Test your knowledge of phase changes and transitions.
1
A student left a sealed jar of water outside her home. Water can be a solid, liquid, or
gas. When she put it outside, the water was a solid. Twelve hours later, the water had
changed phase and was a liquid. What happened to the water molecules?
2
What process changes a solid directly into a gas?
3
At a constant pressure, what is the energy change called when a liquid becomes a gas?
4
Which phase change involves removal of latent heat and a decrease in temperature?
5
What is the term for a solid turning into a liquid?
6
Lily is doing a science experiment with a substance in a sealed jar. At first, the
substance’s molecules are moving around each other. What will happen to Lily’s
substance if she transfers energy into the substance and causes a phase change?
After the phase change, the substance’s molecules will move . . .
7
Divers found two substances at the bottom of the ocean. At room temperature,
both substances are liquid. Scientists then transfered the same amount of energy
out of both substances. When a scientist checked again, Substance 1 had changed
phase, but Substance 2 had not. How are Substances 1 and 2 different?
Substance 1 has a . . .
8
Anh measured the temperature of a pond near his house. Before he left for school,
the water in the pond was 18°C. When he came home from school, the temperature
of the pond was higher than it was in the morning. What happened to the water
molecules while he was at school?
9
A scientist has a container with a substance inside. At first, the molecules in the
substance move away from each other. Later, the molecules move around each other.
What change did the scientist observe in the substance?
10
Scientists digging in a cave found an unknown substance. The scientists found
that the substance’s molecules were moving around each other. The scientists
increased the speed of the substance’s molecules and caused a phase change.
How did the scientists do this, and how did this affect the substance?
The scientists transferred energy . . .
11
A cook had a jar containing a sweet food with a strong attraction between molecules and a jar containing a sour food with a weak attraction between molecules. At room temperature, both foods are liquids.
The same amount of energy was transferred into both substances. Later, one of the
foods had changed phase while the other had not. Which food changed phase, and
how did it change?
12
What happens to molecules when their kinetic energy decreases?
13
Mario is making chocolate. In part of the chocolate-making process, he changed
the phase from a liquid to a solid. What happened to the molecules of chocolate
when it changed phase?
14
Scientists put a sample of water into a sealed tank. Water can be a solid, liquid, or
gas. At first, the water was a liquid. Then, the scientists transferred energy out of
the substance, and the water changed phase. What happened to the movement of
the water molecules?
15
A scientist has two substances that she is testing in her lab: a pink substance
and a green substance. At room temperature, both substances are liquids. The
scientist transferred the same amount of energy into both substances. She finds
only the pink substance changed phase. How is the pink substance different from
the green substance?
The pink substance has a . . .
16
The fuel tank of an airplane has a device that measures the fuel’s temperature.
Before the airplane took off, the temperature of the fuel was 27°C. After the
airplane had been flying for one hour, the temperature of the fuel had decreased
to 3°C. Which of the following must have happened to the molecules of the fuel?
17
A medicine has molecules that are moving around each
other. The doctor needs to slow down the molecules enough to cause a phase
change. How will she do this, and how will this affect the medicine?
She transfers energy . . .
18
A scientist did a test to compare two substances: substance Q with a stronger molecular attraction and substance R with a weaker molecular attraction. At room temperature, both substances are liquid. When the scientist transferred the same amount of energy out of both substances, only one substance changed phase
while the other did not. Which substance changed phase, and how did it change?
19
Jamil’s bicycle is made of aluminum. When are the aluminum molecules in his
bicycle moving?
The aluminum molecules are . . .
20
How is the kinetic energy of molecules changing when the molecules move faster?
The kinetic energy . . .
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