Acute & Chronic Inflammation Quiz

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Test your inflammation knowledge.

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Dr Dharti Patel

Estados Unidos

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Acute & Chronic Inflammation Quiz


Acute & Chronic Inflammation QuizVersión en línea Test your inflammation knowledge. por Dr Dharti Patel 1 What are the main structural components of granulation tissue? a Fibroblasts and delicate, newly formed blood vessels b Collagen Type I and plasma cells c Epithelioid macrophages and giant cells d Neutrophils and abundant exudate 2 Which tissue is considered labile (continuously regenerating)? a Permanent nerves b Central nervous tissue c Epithelium of the skin and GI tract d Cardiac muscle 3 A raised scar extending beyond the original wound borders is called a(n): a Contracture b Keloid c Hypertrophic scar d Ulceration 4 A large open wound with significant scar formation healing apace is healing by: a Primary intention b Secondary intention c Strictly regeneration d Tertiary intention 5 Which cell type is mainly responsible for wound contraction by contractile force? a Macrophage b Keratinocyte c Myofibroblast d Endothelial cell 6 Replacement of damaged tissue with non-functional collagen is known as: a Fibrosis (Scarring) b Metaplasia c Hypertrophy d Regeneration 7 Activated B lymphocytes differentiate into which cells that produce antibodies? a Epithelioid cells b Myofibroblasts c Plasma cells d Neutrophils 8 The defining histological feature of granulomatous inflammation is the presence of: a Aggregates of activated macrophages rimmed by lymphocytes b Abundant fibrin deposition with sparse infiltrate c Large collections of neutrophils and pus d Extensive edema with mast cell infiltration 9 What is the most common cause leading to chronic inflammation? a A brief allergic reaction b Persistent infection by difficult-to-eradicate microbes c A simple bacterial infection that resolves quickly d An acute burn injury 10 Which two cell types dominate the cellular infiltrate in chronic inflammation? a Mast cells and Basophils b Platelets and Endothelial cells c Macrophages and Lymphocytes d Neutrophils and Eosinophils 11 In phagocytes, which process uses oxygen to create reactive species to kill microbes? a Respiratory burst b Complement cascade c Granuloma formation d Apoptosis 12 Which lipid mediator causes bronchoconstriction and vascular permeability in anaphylaxis's slow-reacting substance? a LTB4 b LTC4, LTD4 AND LTE4 c Lipoxin A4 d PGE2 13 Which acute-phase protein from the liver, stimulated by IL-6, acts as an opsonin and inflammation marker? a C-Reactive Protein b Albumin c Fibrinogen d Factor XII 14 Which enzyme converts arachidonic acid into PGE2, PGI2, and TXA2? a NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase) b PLA (Phospholipase A2) c LOX (Lipoxygenase) d COX (Cyclooxygenase) 15 Which class of mediators opposes prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis? a Leukotrienes b Prostacyclins c Lipoxins d Thromboxanes 16 What is the common enzyme that initiates synthesis of all eicosanoids from membrane phospholipids? a Cyclooxygenase b Lipoxygenase c Phospholipase A2 d Nitric Oxide Synthase 17 What cell is the principal source of histamine causing immediate transient vascular permeability? a Mast cell b Fibroblast c Endothelial cell d T-lymphocyte 18 Which receptors do phagocytes use to recognize microbial patterns like lipopolysaccharide? a Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) b Receptors for TGF-β c Complement receptors CR1 & CR3 d Fc receptors 19 What is the process called when a phagocyte engulfs a foreign particle? a Chemotaxis b Margination c Diapedesis d Phagocytosis 20 In acute inflammation, what term describes the slowing of blood flow after initial vasodilation? a Hyperemia b Thrombosis c Transmigration d Stasis 21 Which of the following cardinal signs of acute inflammation is primarily caused by vasodilation? Choose one or more answers a Dolor b Calor c Tumour d . Functio Laesa (Loss of Function) 22 What is the primary mechanism by which Histamine increases vascular permeability in the immediate phase of acute inflammation? a Directly degrading the basement membrane of endothelial cells. b Causing endothelial cell contraction, leading to gaps. c Promoting the synthesis of Nitric Oxide, which widens junctions. d Stimulating new blood vessel formation (angiogenesis). 23 What is the term for the unidirectional movement of leukocytes along a chemical concentration gradient released from the site of injury or infection? a Diapedesis b Margination c Opsonization d Chemotaxis 24 Which vascular event is the very first, albeit transient, response immediately following a mild injury? a Sustained vasodilation of arterioles. b Transient vasoconstriction of arterioles. c Increased vascular permeability. d Stasis (slowing of blood flow). 25 An exudate characterized by thick, creamy yellow fluid composed of numerous neutrophils, cell debris, and microbes is termed: a Purulent (Suppurative) exudate b Hemorrhagic exudate c Fibrinous exudate d Serous exudate 26 Healing by primary intention (first intention) is characteristic of a wound that: a Has widely separated wound edges, requiring significant tissue fill. b Involves bacterial contamination and abscess formation c Is a clean, uninfected surgical incision with minimal tissue loss and approximated edges d Requires a large amount of wound contraction to close the defect. 27 Which growth factor, released by platelets and macrophages, is a potent recruiter of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells to the site of injury? a VEGF b EGF c PDGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor) d TGF beta 28 The final, lytic component of the Complement cascade, formed by C5b-C9, is known as a Alternative Pathway Convertase b Membrane Attack Complex c Factor H complex d Kininogen Cleavage Complex 29 Macrophages activated by IFN-gamma are classified as M1 macrophages. Their primary role is: a Tissue repair and angiogenesis. b Microbicidal activity and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. c Suppressing the immune response. d Producing collagen. 30 The main function C3b in the complement system is: a Forming the MAC b Inducing mast cell degranulation c Opsonization d Vasodilation

Acute & Chronic Inflammation Quiz

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Acute & Chronic Inflammation QuizVersión en línea

por Dr Dharti Patel

What are the main structural components of granulation tissue?

Which tissue is considered labile (continuously regenerating)?

A raised scar extending beyond the original wound borders is called a(n):

A large open wound with significant scar formation healing apace is healing by:

Which cell type is mainly responsible for wound contraction by contractile force?

Replacement of damaged tissue with non-functional collagen is known as:

Activated B lymphocytes differentiate into which cells that produce antibodies?

The defining histological feature of granulomatous inflammation is the presence of:

What is the most common cause leading to chronic inflammation?

Which two cell types dominate the cellular infiltrate in chronic inflammation?

In phagocytes, which process uses oxygen to create reactive species to kill microbes?

Which lipid mediator causes bronchoconstriction and vascular permeability in anaphylaxis's slow-reacting substance?

Which acute-phase protein from the liver, stimulated by IL-6, acts as an opsonin and inflammation marker?

Which enzyme converts arachidonic acid into PGE2, PGI2, and TXA2?

Which class of mediators opposes prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting neutrophil chemotaxis?

What is the common enzyme that initiates synthesis of all eicosanoids from membrane phospholipids?

What cell is the principal source of histamine causing immediate transient vascular permeability?

Which receptors do phagocytes use to recognize microbial patterns like lipopolysaccharide?

What is the process called when a phagocyte engulfs a foreign particle?

In acute inflammation, what term describes the slowing of blood flow after initial vasodilation?

Which of the following cardinal signs of acute inflammation is primarily caused by vasodilation?

What is the primary mechanism by which Histamine increases vascular permeability in the immediate phase of acute inflammation?

What is the term for the unidirectional movement of leukocytes along a chemical concentration gradient released from the site of injury or infection?

Which vascular event is the very first, albeit transient, response immediately following a mild injury?

An exudate characterized by thick, creamy yellow fluid composed of numerous neutrophils, cell debris, and microbes is termed:

Healing by primary intention (first intention) is characteristic of a wound that:

Which growth factor, released by platelets and macrophages, is a potent recruiter of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells to the site of injury?

The final, lytic component of the Complement cascade, formed by C5b-C9, is known as

Macrophages activated by IFN-gamma are classified as M1 macrophages. Their primary role is:

The main function C3b in the complement system is: