Completar frases Plastic and the environmentVersión en línea Complete the text about plastic and the environment. por Amalia González 1 polyester groundwater lasted natural curtains handed assemble bonded bristled materials bag consumed plastic scarce burned wearing manufactured parachutes engineering replacement granted It's not just the omnipresent , plastic itself is now everywhere and in more places than you might imagine . Of all the different material in the world plastic is perhaps the one we take most for , you may even be wearing plastic and not realise it . Are you wearing contact lenses ? Then you're plastic . Is that shirt 100% cotton , that sweater 100% wool ? Are they not 10% rayon , viscose or ? Have a close look at the label ? you're probably wearing plastic . So what exactly is plastic , and where does it come from ? Plastics are polymers : long chains of atoms to one another . They can be developed from , from chemically modified natural materials or from completely man - made molecules . Plastic bags are usually from polyethylene resin pellets made from ethylene gas , a by - product of oil . They were first introduced in 1977 and now account for 80% of the shopping bags out in grocery stores in the US . Each year , an estimated 500 billion to 1 trillion plastic bags are worldwide ? that's a million a minute . Most of it ends up as litter ; only 0 . 5% of polythene bags are recycled in the UK and only between 1 ? 3% in the US . However polyethylene , or more commonly polythene , used for plastic bags is just one of many plastics used . The plastic used for adhesive tape , shower and some clothing is PVC . It can also be a hard plastic , and over 50% of PVC is used in construction because it's so cheap and easy to . The gramophone records that were popular before CDs came along are often called vinyl records because they are made from PVC : Polyvinyl chloride . The disposal of PVC causes problems because if it releases toxic fumes and if land filled it releases additives which can threaten supplies . PVC cannot be recycled to the same quality and most is ? downcycled' to make inferior products such as garden furniture . Nylon was first used commercially in 1938 for nylon - toothbrushes . It was intended to be a synthetic for silk and it became more famous when it was used for nylon stockings in 1940 . Women preferred them to silk stockings because they were just as attractive but longer and dried more quickly . Despite their popularity nylon stockings soon became because all available nylon was needed during the Second World War , this time to replace silk . Nylon can be found in many things including fabrics and carpets , guitar strings and fishing lines , while solid nylon is used for mechanical parts and material .
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