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Fill in the Blanks: Authoritarianism and DictatorshipVersión en línea
Global History III, Unit 3
1
1933
power
Broz
democratic
Argentina
Weimar
fascist
franchise
communist
Hitler
Germany
Adolf
democracy
support
elite
military
appointed
seats
Yugoslavia
legitimacy
democracies
Josip
Republic
Democracy
and
authoritarianism
are
not
entirely
separate
categories
.
Some
regimes
used
democratic
elections
to
come
to
or
legitimize
their
rule
.
One
example
is
,
who
was
Chancellor
of
Germany
in
after
his
party
gained
significant
in
democratic
elections
.
His
rise
to
power
demonstrates
how
systems
can
be
exploited
by
authoritarian
figures
.
Similarly
,
regimes
often
rose
with
massive
popular
,
challenging
the
narrative
that
they
lacked
.
During
WWII
,
Tito
led
the
Yugoslav
Partisans
,
one
of
the
most
effective
resistance
movements
,
and
later
enjoyed
vast
support
in
his
rule
over
.
Latin
America
oscillated
between
liberal
and
dictatorships
.
In
,
a
1930
coup
supported
by
the
Argentine
Patriotic
League
overthrew
President
Hipólito
Yrigoyen
.
Despite
the
rise
of
dictators
,
in
1914
had
a
male
,
and
the
initially
functioned
as
a
vibrant
before
collapsing
due
to
extremism
and
economic
crisis
.
2
private
Mussolini
private
Leftist
similarities
fascist
totalitarian
capitalism
Hitler
right
opposites
political
repression
violence
communist
economic
Stalin
social
Historians
debate
whether
and
regimes
were
fundamentally
different
or
shared
key
similarities
.
scholars
argue
that
fascist
regimes
,
such
as
those
led
by
and
,
supported
property
and
,
whereas
communist
regimes
like
abolished
ownership
.
This
perspective
sees
fascism
and
communism
as
.
Conversely
,
-
leaning
scholars
focus
on
their
,
arguing
that
both
fascists
and
communists
relied
on
extreme
and
to
maintain
control
,
making
them
forms
of
regimes
.
A
balanced
view
acknowledges
that
while
fascist
and
communist
regimes
had
ideological
differences
,
they
emerged
from
the
same
,
,
and
crises
of
the
early
20th
century
.
3
Dyer
British
3
Bengal
Empire
Punjab
Reginald
colonial
Amritsar
violence
Massacre
dissent
Churchill
control
Europe
Authoritarianism
was
not
limited
to
.
Late
colonial
regimes
,
such
as
the
in
India
,
were
deeply
authoritarian
,
using
to
suppress
.
A
key
example
is
the
(
1919
)
in
,
where
British
troops
,
under
,
fired
on
a
peaceful
crowd
,
killing
over
1
,
000
people
.
This
event
exemplifies
how
regimes
used
violence
to
maintain
.
In
(
1943
)
,
policies
under
?
s
British
government
caused
a
famine
,
resulting
in
the
deaths
of
around
million
people
.
4
propaganda
uniforms
of
Stalin
Father
Mussolini
Nuremberg
crafted
public
visionary
humble
historical
Minh
Ho
Chi
propaganda
mass
parades
symbols
glorified
savior
subdued
mythical
monuments
events
spectacle
fasces
photography
media
Nations
cinema
militaristic
cult
radio
Authoritarian
leaders
carefully
their
image
through
,
imagery
,
and
public
.
linked
his
rule
to
the
Roman
Empire
through
symbols
such
as
the
.
His
regime
emphasized
imagery
,
large
-
scale
,
and
grand
speeches
that
the
state
and
projected
him
as
the
of
Italy
.
His
use
of
,
architecture
,
and
further
reinforced
his
authoritative
image
.
Hitler
cultivated
the
"
of
the
Führer
"
with
massive
rallies
like
those
in
.
These
rallies
were
carefully
orchestrated
,
using
,
,
and
choreographed
displays
to
create
an
atmosphere
of
unity
,
strength
,
and
devotion
to
the
Nazi
regime
.
and
relied
on
more
imagery
but
still
developed
personality
cults
through
.
Stalin
was
often
depicted
as
the
"
,
"
a
wise
and
paternal
figure
guiding
the
Soviet
Union
towards
a
prosperous
future
,
while
Ho
Chi
Minh
was
shown
as
a
yet
leader
who
embodied
national
liberation
.
Performativity
in
authoritarian
regimes
extended
beyond
leaders
to
spaces
,
where
,
statues
,
and
reinforced
their
ideology
.
The
staging
of
,
the
controlled
use
of
and
cinema
,
and
the
deliberate
association
of
leaders
with
or
figures
helped
sustain
their
rule
.
5
Life
Pioneers
purity
Young
Juventudes
nationalist
shaping
brotherhood
political
Frente
women
discipline
guiding
de
collectivist
Kai
men
military
authoritarian
Hitler
Movement
continuity
RSS
Confucian
loyalty
European
conservative
Blue
Hindu
Youth
gender
devotion
warriors
paramilitary
shek
physical
New
sacrifice
Shirts
instrumental
youth
ideological
motherhood
transmission
Chiang
communist
Authoritarian
regimes
placed
immense
importance
on
indoctrination
,
recognizing
that
the
younger
generation
would
ensure
long
-
term
ideological
and
unwavering
to
the
regime
.
(
Germany
)
:
Established
to
prepare
young
Germans
for
service
and
commitment
to
Nazi
principles
.
Members
underwent
training
,
education
,
and
drills
.
(
Spain
)
:
The
youth
wing
of
Francoist
Spain
,
which
promoted
Catholic
values
,
,
and
to
the
Spanish
state
.
(
Soviet
Union
)
:
Soviet
youth
were
taught
ideology
,
engaged
in
activities
,
and
were
encouraged
to
see
Stalin
as
their
figure
.
and
(
China
)
:
Led
by
-
,
these
organizations
sought
to
instill
and
ideals
while
suppressing
communist
influence
.
Rashtriya
Swayamsevak
Sangh
(
)
(
India
)
:
Inspired
by
fascist
youth
movements
,
the
RSS
promoted
nationalism
,
military
-
style
discipline
,
and
ideological
.
These
youth
organizations
created
a
sense
of
,
hierarchy
,
and
among
young
people
.
They
were
in
spreading
propaganda
,
reinforcing
values
,
and
ensuring
the
future
of
the
regime
?
s
ideology
.
While
young
were
trained
as
and
defenders
of
the
state
,
young
were
largely
indoctrinated
with
traditional
roles
,
often
tasked
with
reinforcing
national
values
through
,
caregiving
,
and
cultural
.
6
1936
Nationalism
Britain
Ottoman
railways
Qajar
1921
landowners
British
Latin
Republic
Colonialism
nationalism
Pahlavi
Modernization
Mustafa
military
European
Reza
1923
1930s
Kemal
1921
military
Atatürk
clergy
centralized
Secularism
secularized
1919
king
civil
political
modernized
Alliance
1930s
1920s
Farouk
1930s
Hashemite
I
identity
1920s
Shah
secularism
Dynasty
tribal
a
.
Turkey
under
(
)
Atatürk
abolished
the
Sultanate
and
established
the
of
Turkey
.
His
reforms
and
the
state
,
including
replacing
Islamic
law
(
Sharia
)
with
secular
codes
.
He
also
introduced
the
alphabet
to
replace
the
Arabic
script
.
The
state
ideology
was
based
on
secularism
,
,
and
Turkish
.
b
.
Iran
under
(
-
)
Reza
Shah
came
to
power
in
,
overthrowing
the
dynasty
.
He
authority
,
curbed
leader
power
,
and
implemented
modernization
projects
like
roads
and
.
His
policies
sought
to
limit
the
influence
of
the
and
promote
.
c
.
Iraq
under
the
(
-
)
Iraq
emerged
as
a
mandate
after
World
War
I
,
and
Faisal
I
was
installed
as
in
.
The
regime
relied
on
a
coalition
of
elites
,
party
organizations
,
and
to
maintain
power
.
d
.
Egypt
under
(
)
Egypt
moved
towards
independence
after
the
revolution
and
the
Anglo
-
Egyptian
Treaty
of
.
The
monarchy
under
King
Farouk
I
maintained
close
ties
with
.
Common
Features
of
Authoritarian
Regimes
-
:
French
and
British
imperial
priorities
influenced
regimes
through
agreements
like
the
Sykes
-
Picot
Agreement
.
-
between
:
Military
officers
,
elites
,
and
landowners
.
-
Rhetoric
of
:
Regimes
implemented
national
school
systems
,
scientific
institutions
,
and
colleges
.
-
and
:
Leaders
like
Atatürk
and
Reza
Shah
promoted
secular
nationalism
to
redefine
national
identity
.
7
economic
humiliation
defeat
cycles
Catholic
1948
secular
Latin
Nazi
Imperial
Nationalist
1919
War
coups
social
Semitism
violence
scapegoats
frustration
Anti
genocide
Ideology
Turkish
massacre
Arab
Colonial
Military
a
.
:
Leaders
capitalized
on
feelings
of
and
,
as
seen
in
Germany
with
the
regime
after
World
War
I
.
In
Spain
,
Franco
?
s
regime
tied
itself
to
a
conservative
,
identity
.
In
Turkey
,
Atatürk
?
s
vision
promoted
a
,
modern
identity
.
b
.
-
:
Nazi
Germany
used
Jews
as
for
the
country
?
s
and
economic
challenges
,
leading
to
.
In
the
world
,
antisemitism
spread
after
the
Arab
-
Israeli
war
of
,
under
leaders
like
the
Assads
in
Syria
,
Gaddafi
in
Libya
,
and
Saddam
Hussein
in
Iraq
.
c
.
and
Conflict
:
The
devastation
of
World
War
I
led
to
and
instability
,
which
authoritarian
leaders
used
to
rise
to
power
.
In
America
,
military
replaced
civilian
governments
,
creating
of
authoritarian
rule
.
d
.
and
Influences
:
Colonial
regimes
used
and
repression
,
exemplified
by
the
Jallianwala
Bagh
in
India
in
.
8
Propaganda
of
Women
of
Centralized
patriotic
spreading
Organizations
fear
mothers
Personality
Roles
Repression
Opposition
Power
Cult
Youth
a
.
:
Leaders
concentrated
power
in
their
hands
,
often
dismantling
democratic
institutions
.
b
.
:
Leaders
like
Hitler
and
Mussolini
used
propaganda
to
legitimize
their
rule
.
c
.
:
Methods
like
secret
police
,
censorship
,
and
purges
were
used
to
eliminate
dissent
.
d
.
:
Leaders
such
as
Mussolini
,
Hitler
,
and
Stalin
created
a
cult
of
personality
to
foster
loyalty
and
.
e
.
:
Movements
like
the
Hitler
Youth
in
Germany
and
the
Young
Pioneers
in
the
Soviet
Union
were
central
to
authoritarian
ideologies
.
f
.
?
s
:
In
regimes
like
Nazi
Germany
,
women
were
glorified
as
of
the
Aryan
race
,
while
in
fascist
Italy
,
motherhood
was
a
duty
.
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