Completar frases Replication Mad LibsVersión en línea Fill in the blank por Laura Rogers 1 replication mRNA cell RNA strands S polymerase polypeptide Translation RNA polymerase Transcription daughter cytoplasm nucleus complementary protein RNA synthesis template phase DNA messenger transfer protein strand proteins ribosome functional DNA is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its , ensuring that each receives a complete set of genetic instructions during cell division . This occurs during the - of the cell cycle and involves enzymes like DNA that unwind the double helix and build based on the original DNA template . is the process by which a segment of DNA is used as a to synthesize , specifically ( mRNA ) . This occurs in the of eukaryotic cells , where RNA reads the DNA and creates an RNA strand complementary to the DNA template . This mRNA carries the genetic code out of the nucleus and into the for . is the process by which the mRNA code is used to assemble a sequence of amino acids into a . This occurs in the , where ( tRNA ) molecules bring specific amino acids to match the codons on the , ultimately producing a chain that folds into a functional protein . Through these processes , the information encoded in DNA is expressed as that carry out a wide range of biological functions .