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marco rabadan
marco rabadan
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How East and West think in profoundly different ways

It takes but a little look at East and West to realize it is becoming increasingly obvious that history , geography , and culture can shape the way we think , perceive , and interpret the world around us . Research has shown that even the kinds of crops our ancestors used to farm can shape our patterns of behavior . Wherever we live , a greater awareness of these forces can help us all understand our own minds a little better .

'WEIRD' minds

For many years , scientists had ignored 'global diversity of thinking' assuming that all people are just the same . In 2010 , an influential article in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences reported that the vast majority of psychological subjects had been 'Western , Educated , Industrialized , Rich , and Democratic' or 'WEIRD' , for short . Most of them were American undergraduate students hoping to gain pocket money or course credits by giving up their time to take part in these experiments .

The assumption had been that this select group of people could represent universal truths about human nature . If that were true , the Western would have been unimportant . However , the small number of available studies examining people from other cultures would suggest the opposite .

West vs . East

What characterizes Westerners then ? When asked about their attitudes and behaviors , people in Western societies seem to have a more individualistic approach and value personal success over group achievement , which makes them crave self - esteem and pursue personal happiness . But this for self - validation is also associated with overconfidence , with many experiments showing that WEIRD participants are likely to their abilities . For instance , 94% of American professors claimed they were " better than average . "

This tendency for - seems to be almost completely absent in studies across east Asia ; in fact , in some cases the participants even their abilities . Personal choice and freedom appear to be more appreciated in more individualistic societies .

As a simple example , imagine that you see a picture of someone tall intimidating someone smaller . Without any additional information , Westerners are more likely to think the big guy is a nasty person bullying the other one . " Whereas if you are thinking holistically , you would think other things might be going on between those people : maybe the big guy is the boss or the father , " explains Joseph Henrich at the University of British Columbia , who was one of the study ? s authors .

But why did the different thinking styles emerge in the first place ? The obvious explanation would be that they simply reflect the philosophies popularized in each region over time . Western philosophers emphasized freedom and independence , whereas Eastern traditions like Taoism tended to focus on concepts of unity .

East vs . East

What about the east itself ? Surprisingly enough , the thinking orientation of 28 different provinces of China examined recently by Thomas Talhelm at the University of Chicago seem to have been shaped by and reflect the local agriculture of the region . How is that so ?

Talhelm said he was first inspired by his own experiences in the country . While visiting Guangzhou in the south , he found that strangers would be much more . " If I were eating alone people would come up and talk to me , " he said . Whereas those in the northern city of Beijing tended to be more . Looking for an explanation , he realized that one difference could be the kind of crop grown in the region : rice in the most southern areas , and wheat in the north .

Growing rice requires far greater cooperation : it is labor intensive and requires complex irrigation systems spanning many different farms . Wheat farming , by contrast , takes about half the amount of work and depends on rainfall rather than irrigation , meaning that farmers don't need to collaborate with their neighbors , and can focus on their own crops . It seems to have shaped the way people act towards one another in those regions .

And what shapes the mindset of people in your country ?


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