One
key
debate
in
the
sociology
of
beliefs
in
society
is
the
to
which
we
are
undergoing
a
of
secularisation
.
That
is
,
the
extent
to
which
society
is
becoming
religious
.
Brian
(
1966
)
described
secularisation
as
?
the
process
whereby
religious
thinking
,
practices
and
institutions
lose
their
.
?
There
is
quantitative
data
to
suggest
that
religious
practice
and
institutions
are
losing
their
social
significance
in
countries
like
the
UK
and
the
.
The
English
Church
Census
suggests
that
50%
of
the
adult
population
attended
church
in
the
1850s
,
compared
with
just
7
.
5%
in
2000
.
This
data
was
analysed
by
,
who
wrote
about
the
19th
century
as
a
?
golden
age
?
of
religion
.
Gill
et
al
used
surveys
to
show
a
significant
in
belief
in
God
and
the
afterlife
.
Steve
suggests
that
,
if
the
number
of
clergy
and
congregations
continue
to
decline
at
their
current
rate
,
Methodism
will
cease
to
exist
by
2030
.
As
for
theoretical
explanations
for
secularisation
,
we
can
begin
with
Max
who
talked
about
a
process
of
and
the
disenchantment
of
the
world
.
He
writes
about
how
,
in
the
,
the
world
was
an
populated
with
angels
and
demons
,
spirits
and
ghosts
.
He
argued
that
the
period
,
with
its
great
strides
forward
in
and
philosophy
,
began
these
processes
of
rationalisation
and
disenchantment
where
people
would
increasingly
seek
for
explanations
for
phenomena
,
rather
than
blame
divine
intervention
.
If
someone
got
ill
,
for
instance
,
increasingly
people
would
look
for
a
doctor
rather
than
a
priest
.
As
more
and
more
could
be
explained
rationally
there
was
less
and
less
room
for
magic
and
explanations
.
Weber
primarily
saw
this
in
terms
of
changing
religious
beliefs
(
from
Catholicism
to
Protestantism
,
for
example
)
and
an
increasing
between
religious
belief
and
everyday
existence
:
the
idea
of
a
non
-
interventionist
God
who
was
on
the
,
looking
in
.
Other
sociologists
have
developed
these
ideas
specifically
in
terms
of
secularisation
.
Peter
Berger
writes
about
how
there
is
no
longer
a
shared
.
Because
of
?
the
existence
of
a
wide
range
of
ideas
and
belief
systems
?
and
rationalisation
,
people
are
no
longer
united
by
a
shared
set
of
beliefs
,
as
they
were
in
previous
eras
.
Furthermore
,
the
wide
range
of
different
stories
that
claim
a
on
the
truth
the
of
all
.
They
cannot
all
be
true
,
so
perhaps
none
of
them
are
.
Lynd
and
Lynd
found
that
while
in
the
1920s
94%
of
churchgoing
young
Christians
in
the
US
thought
that
Christianity
was
?
the
one
true
religion
?
this
had
declined
to
41%
by
the
late
1970s
.
Steve
Bruce
further
developed
Weber
?
s
concept
of
rationalisation
to
argue
that
people
have
developed
more
rational
ways
of
thinking
and
a
worldview
.
For
example
,
if
there
is
an
airplane
accident
,
people
?
s
first
thought
is
now
to
assume
that
something
technical
went
wrong
with
the
plane
,
rather
than
look
to
supernatural
explanations
.
In
this
view
is
taking
over
from
religion
as
the
belief
system
in
society
.
Talcott
has
written
about
.
Increasingly
other
institutions
have
taken
on
many
of
the
that
religion
used
to
perform
.
The
most
obvious
one
is
the
state
,
which
has
taken
over
historical
religious
functions
such
as
and
health
but
also
increasingly
provide
funerals
,
marriage
ceremonies
,
etc
.
As
this
process
occurs
,
religion
becomes
a
smaller
,
more
matter
,
with
much
more
functions
.
As
a
result
of
this
,
it
inevitably
loses
its
social
significance
and
therefore
is
again
part
of
the
process
of
secularisation
.
There
is
also
the
concept
of
secularisation
from
where
some
religions
have
themselves
become
significantly
more
secular
,
perhaps
to
fit
in
with
the
modern
world
or
to
remain
.
An
example
would
be
Church
of
England
figures
,
like
the
late
Bishop
of
Durham
,
David
Jenkins
,
questioning
some
of
the
key
tenets
of
the
Christian
faith
or
the
way
some
key
ideas
are
to
be
more
acceptable
to
(
such
as
the
ordination
of
women
or
shifts
in
views
about
sexual
orientation
.
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