Relacionar Columnas Unit 2 Part 1: Introduction to the Skeletal SystemVersión en línea Basic introduction information about the skeletal system for anatomy (BIOL 103) por Abigail Scott 1 Cartilaginous 2 The Skeletal System 3 Joints 4 Marrow 5 Cartilage 6 Bones 7 Synovial 8 Tendons 9 Ligaments 10 Fibrous Dense CT, Attach Bone to Bone consists of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, holds the bones tightly together Dense CT, Attach Bones to Muscles Solid CT, 206 Loose CT, 2 Types: Red and Yellow allow only slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage 3 Types: Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial freely movable joints Semisolid CT; Nasal Septum, Growth Plates, Developing Bone, Costal Cartilage, Articular Cartilage (Joints) Bones, Cartilage, Marrow, Ligaments, Tendons, & Joints 1 Site of Hematopoiesis 2 Functions of Bone 3 Framework 4 Protection 5 Movement 6 Storage guards our many delicate tissues and structures (cranial bones-brain, vertebra-spinal cord, rib cage-heart and lungs, pelvis-lower organs) Attachment points for muscles, act as lever to facilitate movement stores calcium and phosphorus in the extracellular matrix stores energy in the form of fat in yellow bone marrow blood cell production takes place in the red bone marrow Provide the structure for the body; contains hard, mineralized extracellular matrix that's strong against gravity Framework, Protection, Movement, Site of Hematopoiesis, Storage, 1 Long Bones 2 Irregular Bones 3 Short Bones 4 Flat Bones 5 Classification of Bone Square; Carpals, Tarsals, Patella Complex; Vertebrae, Coxa, Other Bones of the Skull Thins, Curved; Roof of Skull, Scapulae, Sternum, Ribs Elongated; upper and lower limbs Long Bones, Short Bones, Flat Bones, & Irregular Bones 1 Epiphysis 2 Periosteum 3 Diaphysis 4 Macroanatomy of Bones 5 Articular Cartilage 6 Epiphyseal Line 7 Medullary Cavity expanded knobby region on either end – the joint/articular ends hollow space in the diaphysis – filled with yellow bone marrow (adipose ct) in adults (red in children) tough sheath that covers the outer surface=dense irregular ct – protects from surrounding structures and serves as an anchor for ligaments and tendons remnant of the growth plate that fuses in adults Epiphysis, Diaphysis, Articular Cartilage, Epiphyseal Line (Growth Plate), Medullary Cavity, & Periosteum long shaft – major weight support and leverage for muscles hyaline – covers the joint surface of the epiphysis – reduces friction and absorbs shock 1 Microanatomy of Bones 2 Inorganic ECM 3 Osteocytes 4 Organic ECM 5 Osteogenic Cells 6 Extracellular Matrix 7 Osteoclasts 8 Spongy Bone 9 Cells 10 Osteoblasts 11 Compact Bone (mineral) = calcium phosphate; imparts rigidity and stiffness to bones mature bone cells, “stuck” in lacunae bone stem cells capable of differentiation Cells, Extracellular Matrix, Spongy, & Compact break down/resorb bone (dense or cortical) = RESISTS bending – arranged in layers (lamellae) – OUTER layer (80% of bone) (“osteoid”) = collagen fibers; imparts elastic and bendability to bones build bone & secrete ECM, arranged in lines (calcaneus/trabecular) = ABSORBS stress - porous, filled with bone marrow – INNER layer (20% of bone) 2 components: Organic & Inorganic Osteogenic Cells, Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, Osteoclasts 1 Synchondroses 2 Gomphoses 3 Symphyses 4 Joint (Articulation) 5 Types of Cartilaginous Joints 6 Syndesmoses 7 Fibrous Joints 8 Cartilaginous Joints 9 Types of Fibrous Joints 10 Sutures 11 Synovial Joints 12 Examples of Synovial Joints have hyaline cartilage between the bones Shoulder, Hip, Elbow, Knee, Fingers and toes, Jaw, Neck bones separated by a space filled with fluid Highly mobile Held together by ligaments and a CT capsule Synchondroses & Symphyses allows the brain/skull to grow but have interlocking irregular edges to increase the strength lock bones together with dense fibers Gomphoses, Sutures, Syndesmoses fibrocartilage pads between bones – resists compression and tension, absorbs shock tooth to jaw = “peg in socket” (also between temporal bone and styloid process) bones connected by cartilage pads Fibrous, Cartilaginous, Synovial between radius and ulna, tibia and fibula – shafts of the long bones are bound by “interosseous membrane” so they can slightly pivot around each other
Análisis de los sutantivos.
Empareja los nombres de las 7 maravillas del mundo moderno con su imagen al atardecer