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1. Classically, pheochromocytoma manifests as spells with the following 4 characteristics:
2. Typical patterns of the spells are as follows:
3. The following may also occur during spells:
4. Clinical signs associated with pheochromocytomas include the following:

Weight loss

Flank pain

Pallor

Duration may vary from seconds to hours

Over time, spells tend to occur more frequently and become more severe as the tumor grows

Hypertension: Paroxysmal in 50% of cases

Palpitations

Nausea

Frequency may vary from monthly to several times per day

Weakness

Constipation

Fever

Postural hypotension: From volume contraction

Tachyarrhythmias

Epigastric pain

Headaches

Hypertensive retinopathy

Diaphoresis

Severe hypertension

Neurofibromas

Tremor

Pulmonary edema

Anxiety, sense of doom