Practice
Essentials
Chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease
(
COPD
)
is
estimated
to
____________________
32
million
persons
in
the
United
States
and
is
the
third
leading
cause
of
____________________
in
this
country
.
[
1
]
Patients
typically
have
symptoms
of
chronic
bronchitis
and
emphysema
,
but
the
classic
triad
also
includes
____________________
or
a
combination
of
the
above
(
see
the
image
below
)
.
Chronic
bronchitis
is
____________________
clinically
as
the
presence
of
a
chronic
productive
____________________
for
3
months
during
each
____________________
2
consecutive
years
(
other
causes
of
cough
____________________
excluded
)
.
Emphysema
is
defined
pathologically
as
____________________
abnormal
,
permanent
enlargement
of
the
air
spaces
distal
to
the
____________________
bronchioles
,
accompanied
by
destruction
of
their
walls
and
____________________
obvious
fibrosis
.
