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Jugar Test
1. 
The study of the distribution and determinants of health related states in specific populations; and application of this study to try and control problems is...
A.
Epidemiology
B.
Demography
C.
Transitional theory
D.
Observationalism
2. 
As per the 2016 census. What was the population of Australia?
A.
23 million
B.
24 million
C.
25 million
D.
26 million
3. 
As per the 2016 Australian census, what percentage were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people?
A.
1.5%
B.
2%
C.
2.5%
D.
3%
4. 
As per the 2016 Australian Census, what percentage live in major cities and in remote areas
A.
58% and 40.1% respectively
B.
62% and 22.2% respectively
C.
71% and 1.4% respectively
D.
80% and 8.9% respectively
5. 
Which statement is not true when discussing the health of the Australian population?
A.
Death rates are on a downwards trend
B.
Most Australians report their health as good or better
C.
Australian's life expectancy is among the best in the world
D.
There is equal health across the Australian population
6. 
Which of the following is a feature of primary health care?
A.
Only available to those with private health cover
B.
Included in public but not private hospital systems
C.
Services provided by a variety of health care professionals
D.
Care provided by a medical specialist (i.e. urologist)
7. 
Which of the following is a National Health Priority Area (NHPA) ?
A.
Cardiovascular Health
B.
Aged Care
C.
Womens Health
D.
Health Economics
8. 
A significant issue facing the Australian health care system includes :
A.
Tertiary training of health administration staff
B.
North Korea
C.
A growing burden of chronic illness
D.
Water sanitation
9. 
Refers to decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society
A.
Health Policy
B.
Primary Health Care
C.
Secondary Health Care
D.
Medicare
10. 
The term COAG is an abbreviation for which of the following collaborations?
A.
Coalition of Australian Governments
B.
Council of Australian Governments
C.
Congress of Australian Governments
D.
None of the above
11. 
What was the largest development in terms of equity of access to healthcare services in Australia?
A.
The expansion of outpatient services
B.
The introduction of patient to nurse ratios
C.
The introduction of Medicare
D.
Rural access to hospitals
12. 
Medicare was introduced as Medibank in what year?
A.
1975
B.
1960
C.
1988
D.
1980
13. 
Which of the following is a method to increase equity across the Australian health care system?
A.
The expansion of outpatient services
B.
Investing in programs to address problems of chronic diseases in Indigenous populations
C.
Investing in programs to focus on maternal and child health
D.
All of the above
14. 
If providers can persuade the public and political parties that medicare is failing. The system can become vulnerable
A.
True
B.
False
15. 
Which of the following is an ascribed demographic characteristic ?
A.
Education
B.
Occupation
C.
Gender
D.
Family Structure
16. 
Which of the following is true when describing the demographics of less developed countries ?
A.
Low fertility patterns
B.
Women are having babies later in life
C.
High levels of fertility
D.
B and C
17. 
Which of the following factors influenced the demographic transition ?
A.
Economic and political change
B.
Political and cultural change
C.
Economic and cultural change
D.
The creation of Penicillin
18. 
The statistical study of human populations - the size, structure and distribution of populations and how these change over time is known as...
A.
Epidemiology
B.
Demography
C.
Equity
D.
Industrialisation
19. 
Stage three (3) of the demographic transition is otherwise known as :
A.
Post industrial
B.
Mature Industrial
C.
Pre-industrial
D.
Industrialising
20. 
Which of the following is true when describing rural/ remote communities ?
A.
Open access to healthier fruit and vegetables
B.
High levels of education
C.
Higher levels of employment
D.
Remote areas have more children, but fewer older people
21. 
What are the two types of transition models relevant to population health?
A.
Ascribed and Achieved
B.
Economic and Political
C.
Demographic and Epidemiological
D.
Pre industrial and Post industrial
22. 
Stage one (1) of the demographic transition is otherwise known as:
A.
Post industrial
B.
Mature Industrial
C.
Pre-industrial
D.
Industrializing
23. 
Stage two (2) of the demographic transition is otherwise known as:
A.
Post industrial
B.
Mature Industrial
C.
Pre-industrial
D.
Industrializing
24. 
Stage four (4) of the demographic transition is otherwise known as:
A.
Post industrial
B.
Mature Industrial
C.
Pre-industrial
D.
Industrializing
25. 
The study of epidemiology is concerned with which of the following ?
A.
The frequency of health events
B.
The distribution of health events
C.
Patterns of health events
D.
All of the above
26. 
Which of the following is used to describe a health related state ?
A.
Mortality rates
B.
Cultural influences
C.
Gross domestic product (GDP)
D.
Political influences
27. 
Which approach does Epidemiology follow when explaining the health of populations?
A.
A population based approach
B.
A holistic approach
C.
A collaborative approach
D.
An individualised approach
28. 
Analytical observational studies:
A.
Are a form of descriptive study design
B.
Are experimental - the investigator changes something
C.
Can include Ecological, cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies
D.
Can include Randomised Controlled Trials (RCT's) and Community Trials
29. 
Which of the following is NOT true in relation to descriptive study designs?
A.
Describes the risk factor / exposure / disease / health outcome in a population
B.
Focuses on a population as a point in time
C.
Focuses on a population over time
D.
Involves interference from an investigator
30. 
This Epidemiological study design is research that does not interfere as much with any of the variables within a study. It considers the variables however uses observation. eg. case study or survey
A.
Descriptive studies
B.
Analytical observational studies
C.
Analytical experimental studies
D.
Mixed data research
31. 
This Epidemiological study design examines the relationship between an exposure / risk factor and a health outcome. The investigator is not actively interfering with any of the variables within the study, however they come out to test a hypothesis. Observational only. Eg. Ecological, cross-sectional. Case-Control and Cohort studies
A.
Descriptive studies
B.
Analytical observational studies
C.
Analytical experimental studies
D.
Mixed data research
32. 
This Epidemiological study design examines the relationship between an exposure / risk factor and a health outcome. The investigator is interfering with the study variables. Eg. randomised controlled trials (RCT's) and Community trials
A.
Descriptive studies
B.
Analytical observational studies
C.
Analytical experimental studies
D.
Mixed data research
33. 
Is the following an analytical observational or analytical experimental study design? A sample of Australian Post employees is invited to participate in a one off health survey focused on physical activity and overweight/obesity. All participants are interviewed about their physical activity habits and standard clinical observations are used to classify whether the individual is normal, obese or overweight. Analyses are undertaken to investigate if there is a link between physical activity and weight
A.
Analytical observational
B.
Analytical experimental
34. 
There is a higher prevalence of chronic disease and health risk behaviours, such as; smoking, inactivity and poor nutrition... This statement is true for...
A.
Rural / remote communities
B.
Metropolitan areas
35. 
Which of the following is not a feature of secondary health care?
A.
Does not operate in isolation, part of a larger working system
B.
Does not include care that is provided by hospitals and specialist medical practices
C.
Accessed via referral and assessment from primary care services
D.
Medical care provided by a specialist or facility
36. 
In a basic policy framework structure, which section provides a description of the organisation a relevance of the policy?
A.
Policy Overview
B.
Purpose
C.
Scope
D.
Procedure
E.
Evaluation Strategies
37. 
In a basic policy framework structure, which section describes the policy intent (ie. what the team is aiming to achieve by putting the policy into place)?
A.
Policy Overview
B.
Purpose
C.
Scope
D.
Procedure
E.
Evaluation Strategies
38. 
In a basic policy framework structure, which section describes who is involved (who the policy will impact) and any boundaries / limitations to be considered
A.
Policy Overview
B.
Purpose
C.
Scope
D.
Procedure
E.
Evaluation Strategies
39. 
In a basic policy framework structure, which section outlines the actions to be put in place to address the key issue(s)?
A.
Policy Overview
B.
Purpose
C.
Scope
D.
Procedure
E.
Evaluation Strategies
40. 
In a basic policy framework structure, which section sets the review process (timeframes, who will review, how to measure the effectiveness of the policy)?
A.
Policy Overview
B.
Purpose
C.
Scope
D.
Procedure
E.
Evaluation Strategies
41. 
In the epidemiological transition, age of pestilence and famine occurs in which stage?
A.
Pre-transition or pre-industrial
B.
Early industrial or expanding
C.
Mature industrial or late expanding
D.
Post-industrial or low stationary
E.
Second demographic transition
42. 
In the epidemiological transition, age of receding pandemics occurs in which stage?
A.
Pre-transition or pre-industrial
B.
Early industrial or expanding
C.
Mature industrial or late expanding
D.
Post-industrial or low stationary
E.
Second demographic transition
43. 
In the epidemiological transition, age of degenerative and man-made disease occurs in which stage?
A.
Pre-transition or pre-industrial
B.
Early industrial or expanding
C.
Mature industrial or late expanding
D.
Post-industrial or low stationary
E.
Second demographic transition
44. 
In the epidemiological transition, age of delayed degenerative diseases occurs in which stage?
A.
Pre-transition or pre-industrial
B.
Early industrial or expanding
C.
Mature industrial or late expanding
D.
Post-industrial or low stationary
E.
Second demographic transition
45. 
In the epidemiological transition, age of emerging and re-emerging diseases occurs in which stage?
A.
Pre-transition or pre-industrial
B.
Early industrial or expanding
C.
Mature industrial or late expanding
D.
Post-industrial or low stationary
E.
Second demographic transition
46. 
What does this population pyramid represent?
A.
Rapid Growth
B.
Slow Growth
C.
Zero Growth
D.
Negative Growth
47. 
What does this population pyramid represent?
A.
Rapid Growth
B.
Slow Growth
C.
Zero Growth
D.
Negative Growth
48. 
What does this population pyramid represent?
A.
Rapid Growth
B.
Slow Growth
C.
Zero Growth
D.
Negative Growth
49. 
What does this population pyramid represent?
A.
Rapid Growth
B.
Slow Growth
C.
Zero Growth
D.
Negative Growth
50. 
In the epidemiologic transition, what occurs in stage 1?
A.
Age of degenerative and man made diseases
B.
Age of receding pandemics
C.
Age of pestilence and famine
D.
age of delayed and degenerative diseases
51. 
In the epidemiologic transition, what occurs in stage 2?
A.
Emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases
B.
age of pestilence and famine
C.
age of delayed and degenerative diseases
D.
age of receding pandemics
52. 
In the epidemiologic transition, what occurs in stage 3?
A.
Age of degenerative and man made diseases
B.
age of pestilence and famine
C.
age of delayed and degenerative diseases
D.
age of receding pandemics
53. 
In the epidemiologic transition, what occurs in stage 4?
A.
Age of degenerative and man made diseases
B.
age of delayed & degenerative diseases
C.
Age of pestilence and famine
D.
age of receding pandemics
54. 
In the epidemiologic transition, what occurs in stage 5?
A.
Age of degenerative and man made diseases
B.
age of pestilence and famine
C.
Emerging or re-emerging infectious diseases
D.
age of delayed and degenerative diseases