Caffeine effects on Pregnancy
Opiates & Narcotics effects of Pregnancy
Sedatives effects on Pregnancy
Marijuana effects on Pregnancy
Alcohol effects on Pregnancy
Nicotine effects on Pregnancy
Cocaine effects on Pregnancy
CNS depression, newborn withdrawal, maternal seizures in labor, newborn abstinence syndrome, delayed lung maturity
Spontaneous abortion, inadequate weight gain, IUGR, fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, the leading cause of intellectual disability
Anemia, inadequate weight gain, “amotivational syndrome,” hyperactive startle reflex, newborn tremors, prematurity, IUGR
Maternal and fetal withdrawal, abruptio placentae, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, perinatal asphyxia, newborn sepsis and death, intellectual impairment, malnutrition
Vasoconstriction, reduced uteroplacental blood flow, decreased birth weight, abortion, prematurity, abruptio placentae, fetal demise
Vasoconstriction, gestational hypertension, abruptio placentae, abortion, “snow baby syndrome,” CNS defects, IUGR
Vasoconstriction and mild diuresis in mother; fetal stimulation, but teratogenic effects not documented via research
