Anthony Kennedy
Sonia Sotomayor
Appellate Jurisdiction
Original Jurisdiction
Plaintiff
Judge
Jury
Prosecution
John Roberts
Trial
Ruth Ginsburg
Thurgood Marshall
Stare Decisis
Samuel Alito
Sandra Day O'Conner
Grand Jury
Amicus Curiae
Conference
Neil Gorsuch
Civil Dispute
Clarence Thomas
Defendant
Judicial Activism (liberal)
Elena Kagan
Donald Verilli (Solicitor General)
Judicial Restraint (conservative)
Stephen Breyer
Criminal Dispute
Bench Trial
Federalism
Person accused of breaking the law, or person accused of causing complaint
Authority to hear a case for the first time; Trial
Between two people or groups ex: divorce
no jury, judge decides
Citizens hear the facts of the case and vote on the ruling
Apply laws to case and make final decision and/or sentencing
Federal courts -federal law; state courts- state law
Higher court reviews decisions to see if justice was served by lower court decision; no trial
Government charging accused person in criminal case
Felony; decide if enough evidence for trial (indictment)
Court should avoid political and social questions; should not seek to set precedents
Court should play active role in determining policies; should set precedents
12 people,, unanimous verdict
To rely on precedent to form opinion on new cases
Justices meet in secret session to discuss and vote
"wronged" party in civil case/ person bringing the complaint
"friend of the court"; submits brief because they want their opinion heard
A person is accused of breaking the law
