Loss of number of, and function of, nephrons
Decreased intracellular body water
Decreased kidney efficiency
Decreased glomerular filtration rate
Reduced bladder tone, capacity
Decreased secretion of sodium, H2O, urea, ammonia, and drugs
Decreased ability to concentrate and conserve H2O
Predisposed to dehydration, hypernatraemia, fluid overload, medication reactions
Increased residual urine, nocturnal urination Increased risk of incontinence
