CH 15 test review

The full set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA is called its __.

A karyotype ….

What is the number of chromosomes in a normal human karyotype?

A karyotype is assembled from the cell of a human donor who has a genetic disorder. Which disorder can be determined by studying the karyotype?

Freida is studying an example of a human karyotype. She makes the following claim about the karyotype. “I can determine which sex chromosome was donated by the male parent, and which sex chromosome was donated by the female parent.” Freida’s claim is accurate under which of these conditions?

Colorblindness is more common in males than in females because the allele for colorblindness is …

The chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are known as ____.

What is a chart that shows relationships within a family?

A team of scientists is studying the inheritance of eyelash length in humans. Eyelash length is either long or short, and is controlled by a single autosomal gene. Based on the pedigree, are short eyelashes determined by a recessive allele or a dominant allele? Which reason explains this answer?

Huntington’s disease is caused by inheritance of a dominant allele for a gene that effects the brain. The symptoms of the disease include the loss of mental abilities and muscle coordination. A scientist claims than an individual could carry the allele for Huntington’s disease, yet show none of the symptoms. Which feature of Huntington’s disease supports this claim?

Gametes with an abnormal number of chromosomes may form as a result of_______ during the process of _________.

Why is Down syndrome called trisomy 21?

Raul is using a computer model to investigate meiosis. He directs the model to show a nondisjunction of chromosome 21 during meiosis I. How many copies of chromosome 21 should the model display in each gamete that is produced?

Which of the following disorders does NOT result from nondisjunction in meiosis?

Which of the following diseases and conditions does not appear until later in a person’s life?

Horace is using a computer model to study the relationship between the genes and phenotype of an individual. In one experiment, Horace alters the nucleotide sequence in one of the model genes. In response, the computer shows that the eye color of the individual changes from brown to blue. How did the change in the gene cause the change in phenotype?

_____ enzymes can cut DNA at specific sites.

A scientist has divided a DNA molecule into several fragments. Next, the scientist would use gel electrophoresis to accomplish which task?

The process by which epigenetic chemical marks can be passed from one generation to the next in a sex-specific way is called _____.

Which of these statements accurately compares the human genome to the genomes of other species?

Sickle cell disease and cystic fibrosis are both serious genetic disorders. Which statement provides the strongest explanation for why the alleles remain relatively common in the human population?

Mr. and Mrs. Howard are deciding whether to have children. A physician advises them both to be tested for the allele that causes Tay-Sachs Disease, which is a fatal genetic disorder. The couple asks the following question of the physician: “Neither of us have Tay-Sachs Disease, so how could our children inherit it?” Which is the most accurate and useful response to the Howards’ question?

In recent years, scientists and the public have raised a number of ethical and legal questions about DNA. Many of the questions involve issues of ownership and privacy of personal genetic information. Issues like these became relevant to society because which of these scientific achievements?

The diagram to the right shows a section of a karyotype. The karyotype was created from a cell sample that was obtained from a hospital. Which conclusion about the patient do the karyotype data most strongly support?

The diagram to the right shows a section of a karyotype. The karyotype was created from a cell sample that was obtained from a hospital. Can the gender of the patient (male or female) be identified from the section of the karyotype shown here?