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1. 
Which of the following is not a major barrier to research utilization in nursing?
A.
The scarcity of published replication of nursing studies that show promise for EBP
B.
The inadequate preparation of many nurses for critically evaluating nursing studies
C.
The failure of hospitals and other organizations to reward nurses for EBP efforts or to give them adequate release time
D.
The absence of clinically relevant nursing studies
2. 
Most evidence hierarchies put which of the following at the pinnacle?
A.
Randomized clinical trials
B.
Meta-analyses of multiple clinical trials
C.
Metasyntheses
D.
Quality improvement projects
3. 
In the following focused clinical question, what is the outcome? “What is the effect of relaxation therapy versus biofeedback on the functional ability of patients with rheumatoid arthritis?”
A.
Rheumatoid arthritis
B.
Functional ability
C.
Biofeedback
D.
Relaxation therapy
4. 
Research utilization is a process that begins with:
A.
A knowledge-focused trigger or research finding
B.
A problem-focused trigger
C.
A clinical problem that needs to be solved
D.
A well-worded clinical question
5. 
Systematic reviews are the cornerstone of:
A.
Research methods
B.
Evidence hierarchies
C.
Evidence-based practice
D.
Empirical inquiry
6. 
Which of the following is a question that would be asked as part of the process of appraising research evidence?
A.
How rigorous and reliable is the evidence?
B.
Where can I find the evidence?
C.
What type of trigger should I use?
D.
Is a relevant systematic review available?
7. 
If a specific nursing procedure in a hospital were modified on the basis of research findings, this would be an example of:
A.
Conceptual or indirect utilization
B.
Persuasive utilization
C.
Direct or instrumental utilization
D.
None of the above
8. 
In the following focused clinical question, what is the intervention? “Does taking antidepressants affect the risk of suicide for cognitively impaired adolescents?”
A.
Antidepressant use
B.
Adolescence
C.
Suicide
D.
Cognitive impairment
9. 
Which of the following is an example of a systematic review?
A.
An evidence summary from the Joanna Briggs Institute
B.
A meta-analysis in the Cochrane Collaboration
C.
A metasynthesis in a journal
D.
All of the above
10. 
All of the following activities are normally undertaken as part of a meta-analysis, except:
A.
Obtaining the original data set from primary study researchers
B.
Selecting a sample of studies
C.
Systematically extracting and recording data
D.
Evaluating the quality of studies
11. 
Assessing the implementation potential of a nursing innovation includes which of the following activities?
A.
Determining the clinical relevance of the innovation
B.
Assessing its costs and benefits
C.
Evaluating the scientific merits of relevant studies
D.
All of the above
12. 
Which of the following can be used to critically appraise clinical practice guidelines?
A.
A Joanna Briggs Institute evidence report
B.
The AGREE instrument
C.
A critically appraised topic
D.
The Iowa model
13. 
Which of the following terms is not associated with Quantitative Research?
A.
Objective
B.
Inductive
C.
Statistically based
D.
Reductionist
14. 
Which of the following terms is not associated with Dependent Variables?
A.
Represents the outcome
B.
The variable that is being measured in an experiment
C.
The manipulated intervention investigated for its effect
D.
There are often more than one dependent variable
15. 
The traditional scientific method is not characterized by which of the following attributes?
A.
Control over external factors
B.
Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context
C.
Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
D.
Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research
16. 
Theoretical sampling is used by:
A.
Ethnographers
B.
Phenomenologists
C.
Survey researchers
D.
Grounded theory researchers
17. 
Which of the following best describes a hypothesis?
A.
It is a question that you ask for research purposes.
B.
It is the answer to the questions that you asked in the research.
C.
It is a guess regarding the outcome of the research.
D.
It is a statement that predicts what you think you might find when performing research
18. 
What is the purpose of a research proposal?
A.
To have the research reviewed by an ethics committee
B.
To obtain funds to undertake the research
C.
To describe how the research will be carried out
D.
To be able to speak about the research at a conference
19. 
A researcher is assessing the levels of agitation among a group of randomly assigned nursing home residents with severe dementia, before and after the introduction of music therapy. The study would be described as:
A.
Descriptive.
B.
Experimental.
C.
Exploratory.
D.
Observational.
20. 
A researcher is assessing the levels of agitation among a group of randomly assigned nursing home residents with severe dementia, before and after the introduction of music therapy. The independent variable in the above study is:
A.
Severe dementia.
B.
Levels of agitation.
C.
There is no independent variable, only a dependent variable.
D.
Music therapy.
21. 
A researcher is assessing the levels of agitation among a group of randomly assigned nursing home residents with severe dementia, before and after the introduction of music therapy. A question that a qualitative researcher might ask in relation to the above study is:
A.
What are the dimensions of this phenomenon?
B.
What is the average intensity of this phenomenon?
C.
How frequently does this phenomenon occur?
D.
What is the average duration of this phenomenon?
22. 
The independent variable in the research question, "What is the effect of nurse handling on blood pressure fluctuations in neonatal patients?" is:
A.
Blood pressure.
B.
Neonatal patients.
C.
There is no independent variable.
D.
Nurse handling.
23. 
Which type of researcher would be involved in constant comparison?
A.
Phenomenological
B.
Grounded Theory
C.
Quantitative
D.
Reductionist
24. 
What is the dependent variable in a research study into the quality of life of children in a school who are affected by their functional ability?
A.
Functional Ability
B.
The school
C.
The children
D.
Quality of life
25. 
Which of the following is closely linked to the research tradition of hermeneutics?
A.
Ethnography
B.
Ethology
C.
Symbolic interaction
D.
Phenomenology